Main battery formulas
Shell Grouping (σ)2
Shell grouping (sigma); shown in-game as Shell Grouping.
Max Horiz Disp90.8 m
Horizontal dispersion ellipse width at max range. (R/30·(idealRadius−minRadius)/idealDistance + minRadius)·30 = (10101/30·(8−0.5)/1000 + 0.5)·30 = 90.8 m
Max Vert Disp54.5 m
Vertical dispersion ellipse height at max range = max horizontal × radiusOnMax = 90.8 × 0.6 = 54.5 m
Med Horiz Disp29 m
50%-hit horizontal radius = max horizontal × GetHalfHitsRatio(σ) = 90.8 × 0.319 (σ=2) = 29 m
Med Vert Disp17.4 m
50%-hit vertical radius = max vertical × GetHalfHitsRatio(σ) = 54.5 × 0.319 (σ=2) = 17.4 m
AP Pen Close218 mm
Canonical community AP formula (jcw780/wows_shell), evaluated at muzzle velocity: 1e-7 × Krupp × mass^0.69 × caliber_m^-1.07 × v0^1.38 = 1e-7 × 2598 × 25^0.69 × 0.127^-1.07 × 792^1.38 = 218 mm. Matches the in-game spec card.
AP Pen Far45.2 mm
Same formula at the ship's max firing range (12.6 km), where the shell has slowed to 253.3 m/s: 1e-7 × 2598 × 25^0.69 × 0.127^-1.07 × 253.3^1.38 = 45.2 mm.
HE penetration21 mm
21 mm ≈ 127 mm caliber / 6 (standard HE penetration ratio).
AP overmatch8 mm
floor(127 mm caliber / 14.3) = 8 mm (AP auto-penetrates plating this thick or less).
AP AOE Radius8
AP shell over-penetration splash radius; scales with shell mass. Wickes 102mm = 3, standard 152mm CL ~ 20, Iowa 406mm ~ 270, Yamato 460mm = 400, Incomparable 650mm = 550 (max). Larger value = bigger splash damage area when AP over-pens.
Broadside guns used for alpha5
All 5 barrels bear on the broadside.
Turret turn time12 s
180 degrees / 15 deg/s traverse speed = 12 s.
HE full-salvo alpha9,000
1,800 HE damage x 5 broadside guns = 9,000.
AP full-salvo alpha10,500
2,100 AP damage x 5 broadside guns = 10,500.
Base HE DPM112,500
9,000 HE full-salvo alpha x 60 / 4.8 s base reload = 112,500.
Base AP DPM131,250
10,500 AP full-salvo alpha x 60 / 4.8 s base reload = 131,250.
Base shells/min62.5
5 broadside guns x 60 / 4.8 s base reload = 62.5.
Base fires/min3.12
5 HE shells x 60 / 4.8 s reload x 5% fire chance = 3.12.
Torpedoes
Torpedo detectability1.1 km
Estimated torpedo reaction time7.6 s
detectability / (speed kt x 2.6 community game-speed factor).
Torpedo speed56 kt
Travel time to max range37.7 s
range / (speed kt x 2.6 community game-speed factor).
Tube count9
3 launchers x 3 tubes.
Per-side salvo9 torpedoes
9 (centerline launchers train across - full salvo to either side).
Full-salvo damage97,497
tube count x per-torpedo simulated damage (all torpedoes hitting).
Per-side salvo damage97,497
per-side salvo x per-torpedo simulated damage.
AA defense
Close-range AA DPS109
Sum across every AA aura on this ship of (aura.continuous_damage x 3.5 x aura.hit_probability). Here: (6×3.5×0.95) + (11×3.5×0.95) + (15×3.5×1) = 109. Covers AA-only mounts plus dual-purpose secondaries (Bismarck 105mm, USN 5"/38 cruiser secondaries) and dual-purpose main batteries (Sumner-class 5"/38, Akizuki-line 100mm). Formula validated against in-game captures on California, Sumner, Manfred von Richthofen, Dante Alighieri (exact) and within +/-17% on the remaining verified ships.
Maximum AA range5 km
Longest-reaching aura across AA-only + dual-purpose auras.
AA threat index400
SUM over AA auras of (aura DPS x aura range km). A plane crossing the AA bubble is exposed to each aura for a time proportional to that aura's range, so long-reach DPS is worth more than the same DPS in a short bubble. Units: DPS*km; used to rank overall AA threat across the cohort.
Near aura range3.1 km
Damage Control Party
Smoke Generator
Engine Boost