Main battery formulas
Shell Grouping (σ)2
Shell grouping (sigma); shown in-game as Shell Grouping.
Max Horiz Disp86.6 m
Horizontal dispersion ellipse width at max range. (R/30·(idealRadius−minRadius)/idealDistance + minRadius)·30 = (9546/30·(8−0.5)/1000 + 0.5)·30 = 86.6 m
Max Vert Disp52 m
Vertical dispersion ellipse height at max range = max horizontal × radiusOnMax = 86.6 × 0.6 = 52 m
Med Horiz Disp27.7 m
50%-hit horizontal radius = max horizontal × GetHalfHitsRatio(σ) = 86.6 × 0.32 (σ=2) = 27.7 m
Med Vert Disp16.6 m
50%-hit vertical radius = max vertical × GetHalfHitsRatio(σ) = 52 × 0.319 (σ=2) = 16.6 m
AP Pen Close143 mm
Canonical community AP formula (jcw780/wows_shell), evaluated at muzzle velocity: 1e-7 × Krupp × mass^0.69 × caliber_m^-1.07 × v0^1.38 = 1e-7 × 1750 × 20.3^0.69 × 0.12^-1.07 × 825^1.38 = 143 mm. Matches the in-game spec card.
AP Pen Far28.4 mm
Same formula at the ship's max firing range (11.9 km), where the shell has slowed to 255.5 m/s: 1e-7 × 1750 × 20.3^0.69 × 0.12^-1.07 × 255.5^1.38 = 28.4 mm.
HE penetration20 mm
20 mm ≈ 120 mm caliber / 6 (standard HE penetration ratio).
AP overmatch8 mm
floor(120 mm caliber / 14.3) = 8 mm (AP auto-penetrates plating this thick or less).
AP AOE Radius7
AP shell over-penetration splash radius; scales with shell mass. Wickes 102mm = 3, standard 152mm CL ~ 20, Iowa 406mm ~ 270, Yamato 460mm = 400, Incomparable 650mm = 550 (max). Larger value = bigger splash damage area when AP over-pens.
Broadside guns used for alpha4
All 4 barrels bear on the broadside.
Turret turn time25.7 s
180 degrees / 7 deg/s traverse speed = 25.7 s.
HE full-salvo alpha8,000
2,000 HE damage x 4 broadside guns = 8,000.
AP full-salvo alpha8,000
2,000 AP damage x 4 broadside guns = 8,000.
Base HE DPM48,000
8,000 HE full-salvo alpha x 60 / 10 s base reload = 48,000.
Base AP DPM48,000
8,000 AP full-salvo alpha x 60 / 10 s base reload = 48,000.
Base shells/min24
4 broadside guns x 60 / 10 s base reload = 24.
Base fires/min1.92
4 HE shells x 60 / 10 s reload x 8% fire chance = 1.92.
Torpedoes
Torpedo detectability1.4 km
Estimated torpedo reaction time7.9 s
detectability / (speed kt x 2.6 community game-speed factor).
Torpedo speed68 kt
Travel time to max range39.5 s
range / (speed kt x 2.6 community game-speed factor).
Tube count6
3 launchers x 2 tubes.
Per-side salvo6 torpedoes
6 (centerline launchers train across - full salvo to either side).
Full-salvo damage80,400
tube count x per-torpedo simulated damage (all torpedoes hitting).
Per-side salvo damage80,400
per-side salvo x per-torpedo simulated damage.
AA defense
Close-range AA DPS10
Sum across every AA aura on this ship of (aura.continuous_damage x 3.5 x aura.hit_probability). Here: (3×3.5×0.95) = 10. Covers AA-only mounts plus dual-purpose secondaries (Bismarck 105mm, USN 5"/38 cruiser secondaries) and dual-purpose main batteries (Sumner-class 5"/38, Akizuki-line 100mm). Formula validated against in-game captures on California, Sumner, Manfred von Richthofen, Dante Alighieri (exact) and within +/-17% on the remaining verified ships.
Maximum AA range1 km
Longest-reaching aura across AA-only + dual-purpose auras.
AA threat index10
SUM over AA auras of (aura DPS x aura range km). A plane crossing the AA bubble is exposed to each aura for a time proportional to that aura's range, so long-reach DPS is worth more than the same DPS in a short bubble. Units: DPS*km; used to rank overall AA threat across the cohort.
Near aura range1 km
Damage Control Party
Smoke Generator
Engine Boost