Main battery formulas
Shell Grouping (σ)1.9
Shell grouping (sigma); shown in-game as Shell Grouping.
Max Horiz Disp204.6 m
Horizontal dispersion ellipse width at max range. (R/30·(idealRadius−minRadius)/idealDistance + minRadius)·30 = (14458/30·(12−2)/1000 + 2)·30 = 204.6 m
Max Vert Disp122.7 m
Vertical dispersion ellipse height at max range = max horizontal × radiusOnMax = 204.6 × 0.6 = 122.7 m
Med Horiz Disp67.8 m
50%-hit horizontal radius = max horizontal × GetHalfHitsRatio(σ) = 204.6 × 0.331 (σ=1.9) = 67.8 m
Med Vert Disp40.7 m
50%-hit vertical radius = max vertical × GetHalfHitsRatio(σ) = 122.7 × 0.332 (σ=1.9) = 40.7 m
AP Pen Close620.4 mm
Canonical community AP formula (jcw780/wows_shell), evaluated at muzzle velocity: 1e-7 × Krupp × mass^0.69 × caliber_m^-1.07 × v0^1.38 = 1e-7 × 2627 × 470.9^0.69 × 0.305^-1.07 × 762^1.38 = 620.4 mm. Matches the in-game spec card.
AP Pen Far245.2 mm
Same formula at the ship's max firing range (18.1 km), where the shell has slowed to 388.9 m/s: 1e-7 × 2627 × 470.9^0.69 × 0.305^-1.07 × 388.9^1.38 = 245.2 mm.
HE penetration51 mm
51 mm ≈ 305 mm caliber / 6 (standard HE penetration ratio).
AP overmatch21 mm
floor(305 mm caliber / 14.3) = 21 mm (AP auto-penetrates plating this thick or less).
AP AOE Radius40
AP shell over-penetration splash radius; scales with shell mass. Wickes 102mm = 3, standard 152mm CL ~ 20, Iowa 406mm ~ 270, Yamato 460mm = 400, Incomparable 650mm = 550 (max). Larger value = bigger splash damage area when AP over-pens.
Broadside guns used for alpha12
All 12 barrels bear on the broadside.
Turret turn time48.6 s
180 degrees / 3.7 deg/s traverse speed = 48.6 s.
HE full-salvo alpha54,000
4,500 HE damage x 12 broadside guns = 54,000.
AP full-salvo alpha103,200
8,600 AP damage x 12 broadside guns = 103,200.
Base HE DPM108,000
54,000 HE full-salvo alpha x 60 / 30 s base reload = 108,000.
Base AP DPM206,400
103,200 AP full-salvo alpha x 60 / 30 s base reload = 206,400.
Base shells/min24
12 broadside guns x 60 / 30 s base reload = 24.
Base fires/min7.92
12 HE shells x 60 / 30 s reload x 33% fire chance = 7.92.
AA defense
Close-range AA DPS12
Sum across every AA aura on this ship of (aura.continuous_damage x 3.5 x aura.hit_probability). Here: (1×3.5×0.75) + (4×3.5×0.7) = 12. Covers AA-only mounts plus dual-purpose secondaries (Bismarck 105mm, USN 5"/38 cruiser secondaries) and dual-purpose main batteries (Sumner-class 5"/38, Akizuki-line 100mm). Formula validated against in-game captures on California, Sumner, Manfred von Richthofen, Dante Alighieri (exact) and within +/-17% on the remaining verified ships.
Maximum AA range3 km
Longest-reaching aura across AA-only + dual-purpose auras.
AA threat index18
SUM over AA auras of (aura DPS x aura range km). A plane crossing the AA bubble is exposed to each aura for a time proportional to that aura's range, so long-reach DPS is worth more than the same DPS in a short bubble. Units: DPS*km; used to rank overall AA threat across the cohort.
Near aura range1 km
Secondary battery firepower
Secondary DPM (per side)95,000
Sum across all secondary families of (per-side barrels × 60 / reload_s × alpha), where per-side barrels = mounts × barrels-per-mount / 2 (the guns that bear on one broadside target). Per-family: 20×1 130 mm (10/side) × 60/12 × 1900 = 95,000. Assumes every shell hits (real hit rate is lower; the Brawl matchup tool on the Compare page folds in dispersion + target armor).
Max HE alpha1900
Maximum HE damage per shell across secondary HE families. Best on this ship: 1900 from the 130 mm family.
Max HE fire chance9%
Maximum per-shell fire chance across secondary HE families (before target fire resistance is applied). Best on this ship: 9% from the 130 mm family.
Max HE pen22 mm
Maximum HE armor penetration across secondary HE families (caliber × 1/6 for most nations; 1/4 for German/UK BBs). Shells whose pen falls under a plate's armor thickness shatter for 0 hull damage though fire chance still applies. Best on this ship: 22 mm from the 130 mm family.
Damage Control Party
Repair Party
Secondary Battery Booster