Main battery formulas
Shell Grouping (σ)2
Shell grouping (sigma); shown in-game as Shell Grouping.
Max Horiz Disp95.1 m
Horizontal dispersion ellipse width at max range. (R/30·(idealRadius−minRadius)/idealDistance + minRadius)·30 = (10683/30·(8−0.5)/1000 + 0.5)·30 = 95.1 m
Max Vert Disp57.1 m
Vertical dispersion ellipse height at max range = max horizontal × radiusOnMax = 95.1 × 0.6 = 57.1 m
Med Horiz Disp30.4 m
50%-hit horizontal radius = max horizontal × GetHalfHitsRatio(σ) = 95.1 × 0.32 (σ=2) = 30.4 m
Med Vert Disp18.2 m
50%-hit vertical radius = max vertical × GetHalfHitsRatio(σ) = 57.1 × 0.319 (σ=2) = 18.2 m
AP Pen Close157.4 mm
Canonical community AP formula (jcw780/wows_shell), evaluated at muzzle velocity: 1e-7 × Krupp × mass^0.69 × caliber_m^-1.07 × v0^1.38 = 1e-7 × 1640 × 28^0.69 × 0.128^-1.07 × 830^1.38 = 157.4 mm. Matches the in-game spec card.
AP Pen Far34 mm
Same formula at the ship's max firing range (13.4 km), where the shell has slowed to 273.3 m/s: 1e-7 × 1640 × 28^0.69 × 0.128^-1.07 × 273.3^1.38 = 34 mm.
HE penetration32 mm
32 mm ≈ 128 mm caliber / 4 (improved HE penetration: German BBs, Yamato-class, and a handful of others).
Improved HE PenYes
This ship's HE shells use a 1/4 (~0.25) caliber-to-pen ratio instead of the standard 1/6 (~0.167) - 0.25 in this case. Lets HE pen ~32mm armor instead of ~21mm. Hits every German cruiser (150mm CL, 203mm CA) and BB (350mm+), British heavy cruisers / Lion / Nelson, a handful of other premiums.
AP overmatch8 mm
floor(128 mm caliber / 14.3) = 8 mm (AP auto-penetrates plating this thick or less).
AP AOE Radius10
AP shell over-penetration splash radius; scales with shell mass. Wickes 102mm = 3, standard 152mm CL ~ 20, Iowa 406mm ~ 270, Yamato 460mm = 400, Incomparable 650mm = 550 (max). Larger value = bigger splash damage area when AP over-pens.
Broadside guns used for alpha5
All 5 barrels bear on the broadside.
Turret turn time20 s
180 degrees / 9 deg/s traverse speed = 20 s.
HE full-salvo alpha7,750
1,550 HE damage x 5 broadside guns = 7,750.
AP full-salvo alpha15,000
3,000 AP damage x 5 broadside guns = 15,000.
Base HE DPM116,250
7,750 HE full-salvo alpha x 60 / 4 s base reload = 116,250.
Base AP DPM225,000
15,000 AP full-salvo alpha x 60 / 4 s base reload = 225,000.
Installed HE DPM129,167
7,750 HE full-salvo alpha x 60 / 3.6 s installed reload (Main Battery Mod. 3 = -10%) = 129,167.
Installed AP DPM250,000
15,000 AP full-salvo alpha x 60 / 3.6 s installed reload (Main Battery Mod. 3 = -10%) = 250,000.
Base shells/min75
5 broadside guns x 60 / 4 s base reload = 75.
Installed shells/min83.3
5 broadside guns x 60 / 3.6 s installed Artillery reload = 83.3.
Base fires/min4.5
5 HE shells x 60 / 4 s reload x 6% fire chance = 4.5.
Installed fires/min5
5 HE shells x 60 / 3.6 s installed reload x 6% fire chance = 5.
Torpedoes
Torpedo detectability1.3 km
Estimated torpedo reaction time7.4 s
detectability / (speed kt x 2.6 community game-speed factor).
Torpedo speed68 kt
Travel time to max range67.9 s
range / (speed kt x 2.6 community game-speed factor).
Tube count10
2 launchers x 5 tubes.
Per-side salvo10 torpedoes
10 (centerline launchers train across - full salvo to either side).
Full-salvo damage134,000
tube count x per-torpedo simulated damage (all torpedoes hitting).
Per-side salvo damage134,000
per-side salvo x per-torpedo simulated damage.
AA defense
Close-range AA DPS243
Sum across every AA aura on this ship of (aura.continuous_damage x 3.5 x aura.hit_probability). Here: (73×3.5×0.95) = 243. Covers AA-only mounts plus dual-purpose secondaries (Bismarck 105mm, USN 5"/38 cruiser secondaries) and dual-purpose main batteries (Sumner-class 5"/38, Akizuki-line 100mm). Formula validated against in-game captures on California, Sumner, Manfred von Richthofen, Dante Alighieri (exact) and within +/-17% on the remaining verified ships.
Maximum AA range3 km
Longest-reaching aura across AA-only + dual-purpose auras.
AA threat index728
SUM over AA auras of (aura DPS x aura range km). A plane crossing the AA bubble is exposed to each aura for a time proportional to that aura's range, so long-reach DPS is worth more than the same DPS in a short bubble. Units: DPS*km; used to rank overall AA threat across the cohort.
Near aura range3 km
Damage Control Party
Smoke Generator
Engine Boost