Main battery formulas
Shell Grouping (σ)1.8
Shell grouping (sigma); shown in-game as Shell Grouping.
Max Horiz Disp191.5 m
Horizontal dispersion ellipse width at max range. (R/30·(idealRadius−minRadius)/idealDistance + minRadius)·30 = (12805/30·(12−2.2)/1000 + 2.2)·30 = 191.5 m
Max Vert Disp114.9 m
Vertical dispersion ellipse height at max range = max horizontal × radiusOnMax = 191.5 × 0.6 = 114.9 m
Med Horiz Disp65.8 m
50%-hit horizontal radius = max horizontal × GetHalfHitsRatio(σ) = 191.5 × 0.344 (σ=1.8) = 65.8 m
Med Vert Disp39.5 m
50%-hit vertical radius = max vertical × GetHalfHitsRatio(σ) = 114.9 × 0.344 (σ=1.8) = 39.5 m
Dispersion familyEU BB Disp.
Standard BB dispersion. Used as the baseline for cross-family comparisons.
AP Pen Close542.3 mm
Canonical community AP formula (jcw780/wows_shell), evaluated at muzzle velocity: 1e-7 × Krupp × mass^0.69 × caliber_m^-1.07 × v0^1.38 = 1e-7 × 2300 × 428.35^0.69 × 0.305^-1.07 × 798^1.38 = 542.3 mm. Matches the in-game spec card.
AP Pen Far178 mm
Same formula at the ship's max firing range (17.6 km), where the shell has slowed to 356 m/s: 1e-7 × 2300 × 428.35^0.69 × 0.305^-1.07 × 356^1.38 = 178 mm.
HE penetration51 mm
51 mm ≈ 305 mm caliber / 6 (standard HE penetration ratio).
AP overmatch21 mm
floor(305 mm caliber / 14.3) = 21 mm (AP auto-penetrates plating this thick or less).
AP AOE Radius40
AP shell over-penetration splash radius; scales with shell mass. Wickes 102mm = 3, standard 152mm CL ~ 20, Iowa 406mm ~ 270, Yamato 460mm = 400, Incomparable 650mm = 550 (max). Larger value = bigger splash damage area when AP over-pens.
Broadside guns used for alpha10
Barrels that can bear on one beam (10 of 12); casemate/wing mounts only fire one side.
Turret turn time60 s
180 degrees / 3 deg/s traverse speed = 60 s.
HE full-salvo alpha42,000
4,200 HE damage x 10 broadside guns = 42,000.
AP full-salvo alpha83,000
8,300 AP damage x 10 broadside guns = 83,000.
Base HE DPM84,000
42,000 HE full-salvo alpha x 60 / 30 s base reload = 84,000.
Base AP DPM166,000
83,000 AP full-salvo alpha x 60 / 30 s base reload = 166,000.
Base shells/min20
10 broadside guns x 60 / 30 s base reload = 20.
Base fires/min4.4
10 HE shells x 60 / 30 s reload x 22% fire chance = 4.4.
AA defense
Close-range AA DPS193
Sum across every AA aura on this ship of (aura.continuous_damage x 3.5 x aura.hit_probability). Here: (11×3.5×0.75) + (67×3.5×0.7) = 193. Covers AA-only mounts plus dual-purpose secondaries (Bismarck 105mm, USN 5"/38 cruiser secondaries) and dual-purpose main batteries (Sumner-class 5"/38, Akizuki-line 100mm). Formula validated against in-game captures on California, Sumner, Manfred von Richthofen, Dante Alighieri (exact) and within +/-17% on the remaining verified ships.
Maximum AA range3 km
Longest-reaching aura across AA-only + dual-purpose auras.
AA threat index284
SUM over AA auras of (aura DPS x aura range km). A plane crossing the AA bubble is exposed to each aura for a time proportional to that aura's range, so long-reach DPS is worth more than the same DPS in a short bubble. Units: DPS*km; used to rank overall AA threat across the cohort.
Near aura range1.2 km
Secondary battery firepower
Secondary DPM (per side)132,000
Sum across all secondary families of (per-side barrels × 60 / reload_s × alpha), where per-side barrels = mounts × barrels-per-mount / 2 (the guns that bear on one broadside target). Per-family: 22×1 139 mm (11/side) × 60/10 × 2000 = 132,000. Assumes every shell hits (real hit rate is lower; the Brawl matchup tool on the Compare page folds in dispersion + target armor).
Max HE alpha2000
Maximum HE damage per shell across secondary HE families. Best on this ship: 2000 from the 139 mm family.
Max HE fire chance8%
Maximum per-shell fire chance across secondary HE families (before target fire resistance is applied). Best on this ship: 8% from the 139 mm family.
Max HE pen23 mm
Maximum HE armor penetration across secondary HE families (caliber × 1/6 for most nations; 1/4 for German/UK BBs). Shells whose pen falls under a plate's armor thickness shatter for 0 hull damage though fire chance still applies. Best on this ship: 23 mm from the 139 mm family.
Damage Control Party
Repair Party
Secondary Battery Booster