Hit PointsInitial: 40,200 → 47,400
Displacement17,500 t
Hull dimensions ƒ
Length x beam at the waterline, plus draft. Length matters when dodging torpedoes; beam and draft shape how hard the ship is to hit.
Armor range13–120 mm
Plate armor thicknesses13, 19, 20, 25, 27, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 90, 100, 120 mm
Armor material/layer entries49
Fire resistance ƒ
top hull: 1 − 0.6004 fire coefficient = 40%. Lowers how often hits set you on fire. It does not reduce the damage a burning fire does per second; fires burn at the full rate on every ship.
Fire duration30 s
Fire damage ƒ
One unattended fire: 0.003 of max HP per second (0.3%) × 30 s = 0.09 of the pool; 0.09 × 47,400 HP = 4,266 HP on this ship. 4 fire points can burn at once.
Flood duration40 s
Flood damage ƒ
One unattended flood: 0.0025 of max HP per second (0.25%) × 40 s = 0.1 of the pool; 0.1 × 47,400 HP = 4,740 HP on this ship.
Torp Reduction ƒ
1 − 0.27 hull torpedo-damage coefficient / 0.333 unprotected baseline = 19%. Reduces torpedo hit damage. It does not affect flooding: floods start as often and tick at the full rate.
Magazine HP ƒ
Per-turret powder-magazine HP, a separate pool from the ship's. Penetrating hits wear it down and the turret is likelier to be knocked out as it falls, so a larger pool keeps the guns firing through punishment that silences a peer's.
Steering gear HP ƒ
Durability of the steering gears. As this pool drops, hits are likelier to jam the rudder; unlike most modules the steering can be knocked out and repaired but is never permanently destroyed.
Effective HP ƒ
Base 47,400 HP plus everything Repair Party can restore: 0.007 of max HP per second (0.7%) × 28 s × 47,400 HP = 9,290 HP per charge, × 2 charges = 18,581 HP. Ceiling, not a prediction: a charge only restores damage actually taken, and only the regeneratable share of it. In practice ships realize about half of this, mostly because half the charges go unspent; a charge that is used returns about 97% of the per-charge figure above.
Repairable: penetration50%
Repairable: citadel33%
Repairable: steering gear50%
Bow section HP ƒ
Damage saturation pool for the bow: penetrations here deal their normal share until twice this much penetration damage has landed on the section (2 × 2,200 = 4,400), then further hits on it deal half damage. A penetration deals 0.33 × the shell's max damage; once the section is saturated it deals exactly half of that (0.5 × 0.33 = 0.165 × max damage), so a 3,000-damage shell's pen goes from 990 to 495. Overpens (0.1 × max damage) and citadels (1.0 ×) ignore saturation. Pens on the ship's other, unsaturated sections still deal the normal 0.33 ×. A larger pool keeps that part of the ship taking full damage for longer; a small one saturates fast and protects the ship's HP.
Casemate section HP ƒ
Damage saturation pool for the casemate: penetrations here deal their normal share until twice this much penetration damage has landed on the section (2 × 7,200 = 14,400), then further hits on it deal half damage. A penetration deals 0.33 × the shell's max damage; once the section is saturated it deals exactly half of that (0.5 × 0.33 = 0.165 × max damage), so a 3,000-damage shell's pen goes from 990 to 495. Overpens (0.1 × max damage) and citadels (1.0 ×) ignore saturation. Pens on the ship's other, unsaturated sections still deal the normal 0.33 ×. A larger pool keeps that part of the ship taking full damage for longer; a small one saturates fast and protects the ship's HP.
Hull section HP ƒ
Damage saturation pool for the hull: penetrations here deal their normal share until twice this much penetration damage has landed on the section (2 × 35,600 = 71,200), then further hits on it deal half damage. A penetration deals 0.33 × the shell's max damage; once the section is saturated it deals exactly half of that (0.5 × 0.33 = 0.165 × max damage), so a 3,000-damage shell's pen goes from 990 to 495. Overpens (0.1 × max damage) and citadels (1.0 ×) ignore saturation. Pens on the ship's other, unsaturated sections still deal the normal 0.33 ×. A larger pool keeps that part of the ship taking full damage for longer; a small one saturates fast and protects the ship's HP.
Superstructure section HP ƒ
Damage saturation pool for the superstructure: penetrations here deal their normal share until twice this much penetration damage has landed on the section (2 × 3,500 = 7,000), then further hits on it deal half damage. A penetration deals 0.33 × the shell's max damage; once the section is saturated it deals exactly half of that (0.5 × 0.33 = 0.165 × max damage), so a 3,000-damage shell's pen goes from 990 to 495. Overpens (0.1 × max damage) and citadels (1.0 ×) ignore saturation. Pens on the ship's other, unsaturated sections still deal the normal 0.33 ×. The superstructure is not exempt: it saturates exactly like the bow and stern, so shells aimed at it stop dealing full damage once this pool is used up. A larger pool keeps that part of the ship taking full damage for longer; a small one saturates fast and protects the ship's HP.
Stern section HP ƒ
Damage saturation pool for the stern: penetrations here deal their normal share until twice this much penetration damage has landed on the section (2 × 1,300 = 2,600), then further hits on it deal half damage. A penetration deals 0.33 × the shell's max damage; once the section is saturated it deals exactly half of that (0.5 × 0.33 = 0.165 × max damage), so a 3,000-damage shell's pen goes from 990 to 495. Overpens (0.1 × max damage) and citadels (1.0 ×) ignore saturation. Pens on the ship's other, unsaturated sections still deal the normal 0.33 ×. A larger pool keeps that part of the ship taking full damage for longer; a small one saturates fast and protects the ship's HP.
Citadel section HP ƒ
This section has no practical saturation cap: every hit here keeps dealing its normal share of damage (on most ships the citadel; on many destroyers the casemate).
ModuleArtillery: 180 mm/57 MK-3-180M
Mounts / barrels4 mounts / 12 barrels
Reload timeInitial: 12.5 s → 11 s
Firing range (base)14.5 km
Firing range (top fire control)16 km
Turret traverseInitial: 8 °/s → 10 °/s
Turret armor210 mm
Turret traverse arcs ƒ
How far each mount can train, in degrees to either side of the mount's own facing. A rear turret with ±150° leaves a 60° blind wedge over the bow; one-sided arcs are wing mounts that cover a single side. The data does not say which way each mount faces, so the arcs are listed per mount without bow/stern angles.
Guns to bear ƒ
180° − 147° (the most restricted aft-facing mount's arc) = 33° off bow; 180° − 150° (the most restricted forward-facing mount's arc) = 30° off stern. How far off the bow (or stern) the ship must angle before every main turret can fire: the widest blind wedge among the rear-facing (or forward-facing) mounts, from each mount's trainable arc.
Shell Grouping (σ)2.05
Dispersion type ƒ
In practice: the baseline curve for a standard cruiser -- at max range (16.0 km) shells land in an ellipse about 143 m wide and 86 m tall. Also on this curve (215): AL Baltimore, AL Chapayev, AL Cheshire, AL Harbin, AL Montpelier, AL Tallinn, AL Zara, Aberdeen, Accord, Agano, Albemarle, Algérie and 203 more.
Max Horiz Disp ƒ
Horizontal dispersion ellipse width at max range, from the dispersion model:
Max Vert Disp ƒ
Vertical dispersion ellipse height at max range:
Med Horiz Disp ƒ
50%-hit horizontal radius:
Med Vert Disp ƒ
50%-hit vertical radius:
Turret turn time ƒ
180 degrees / 8 deg/s traverse speed = 22.5 s.
Shells/min ƒ
Zero upgrades: 12 broadside guns x 60 / 12.571 s (12.5 s = 88 ticks) base reload = 57.3. All upgrades (top gun + Main Battery Mod. 3 = -10% reload): 12 broadside guns x 60 / 10 s (9.9 s = 70 ticks) all-upgrades reload (11 s × 0.9 Main Battery Mod. 3 = 9.9 s) = 72.
HE shells
HE alpha2,500
HE Velocity920 m/s
Fire Chance13%
HE fire DPM vs T8 BB69751
Effective HE DPM vs T8 BB233387
HE penetration ƒ
30 mm ≈ 180 mm caliber / 6 (standard HE penetration ratio).
HE full-salvo alpha ƒ
2,500 HE damage x 12 broadside guns = 30,000.
HE DPM ƒ
Zero upgrades: 30,000 HE full-salvo alpha x 60 / 12.571 s (12.5 s = 88 ticks) base reload = 143,182. All upgrades (top gun + Main Battery Mod. 3 = -10% reload): 30,000 HE full-salvo alpha x 60 / 10 s (9.9 s = 70 ticks) all-upgrades reload (11 s × 0.9 Main Battery Mod. 3 = 9.9 s) = 180,000.
Fires/min ƒ
Zero upgrades: 57.3 shells/min × 0.13 (13% fire chance) = 7.45. All upgrades (top gun + Main Battery Mod. 3 = -10% reload): 72 shells/min × 0.13 (13% fire chance) = 9.36.
AP shells
AP alpha4,400
AP Velocity920 m/s
Min Ricochet45 deg
Guaranteed Ricochet60 deg
Fuse Timer0.033 s
Fuse Threshold30 mm
AP pen max range173 mm
AP overmatch ƒ
floor(180 mm caliber / 14.3) = 12 mm (AP auto-penetrates plating this thick or less).
AP Pen Close ƒ
AP formula evaluated at muzzle velocity: .
AP Pen Far ƒ
Same formula at the ship's max firing range (16 km), where the shell has slowed to 474.2 m/s: .
AP full-salvo alpha ƒ
4,400 AP damage x 12 broadside guns = 52,800.
AP DPM ƒ
Zero upgrades: 52,800 AP full-salvo alpha x 60 / 12.571 s (12.5 s = 88 ticks) base reload = 252,000. All upgrades (top gun + Main Battery Mod. 3 = -10% reload): 52,800 AP full-salvo alpha x 60 / 10 s (9.9 s = 70 ticks) all-upgrades reload (11 s × 0.9 Main Battery Mod. 3 = 9.9 s) = 316,800.
AP AOE Radius ƒ
AP shell over-penetration splash radius; scales with shell mass. Wickes 102mm = 3, standard 152mm CL ~ 20, Iowa 406mm ~ 270, Yamato 460mm = 400, Incomparable 650mm = 550 (max). Larger value = bigger splash damage area when AP over-pens.
ModuleTorpedoes: 53-36 mod. 2
Launchers / tubes2 launchers × 5 tubes = 10 tubes
Reload time117 s
Projectile speed55.0 kt
Range8.01 km
Maximum simulated damage ƒ
Most targets only intersect one hull section, so a hit transfers about 1/3 of the warhead alpha (2/3 when the warhead blast >= 5000 and the burst reaches a second section). For this ship: . In battle, a hit on the torpedo belt deals the per-hit figure × (1 − the target's torpedo protection %), a bow or stern hit deals it in full, and a torpedo never counts as a citadel hit.
Maximum damage (ammunition) ƒ
40,200 warhead alpha / 3 + 1,000 blast = 14,400. Warhead alpha / 3 plus the blast addend: the per-torpedo damage figure. The 'Maximum simulated damage' row above applies target geometry to the same warhead.
Torpedo module damage ƒ
Per-torpedo module/blast damage parameter. Most torpedoes carry 500 to 2,000; ships announced by WG as dealing increased module damage carry 9,000 to 12,000, so their hits knock out engines, rudders, and turrets far more often. Comparative figure.
Torpedo detectability1.1 km
Reaction time ƒ
How long a target has to dodge after your torpedo is spotted at its detectability range (lower means less warning): . 2.6855 converts knots to m/s on the game clock. Base value; commander torpedo-concealment skills lower it further.
Flooding chance ƒ
This torpedo carries a flooding-chance value of 2.4 per hit, shown as . Values above 100% are normal: in battle the base chance is scaled down by the target's torpedo protection (the Torp Reduction stat on its Survivability card) and any flood-resistance modifiers, so a value above 100% keeps flooding likely even through partial protection.
Torpedo launcher traverse25 °/s
Launch arcswing 135° (one launcher per beam)
Torp Turn ƒ
Time to rotate the launchers 180 deg: .
Torp Arming178 m
Per-side salvo damage ƒ
One side firing, all torpedoes hitting: per-side tubes x per-torpedo simulated damage = 5 x 13,400 = 67,000. Each hit on the target's torpedo belt is reduced by its torpedo protection %.
AA mount points16
Maximum AA range ƒ
Longest-reaching family on the in-game AA card. Base AirDefense aura max range is 3.5 km; dual-purpose mount auras extend it.
25 mm 4M-120Initial: 25 mm 2M-3 (10×2) → 25 mm 4M-120 (10×4)
45 mm SM-20-ZIF6×4 45mm
100 mm/56 B-54 (DP) ƒ
Dual-purpose: your secondaries doing double duty against aircraft. The same mounts appear on the Secondary Battery card - shared guns, not extra hardware.
Guns100 mm/56 B-54 (DP)
Continuous DPS ƒ
Effective DPS in in-game units (raw aura damage × 3.5 × hit probability, summed per contributing aura) - matches the Close-range AA DPS headline's currency. Includes 126 from dual-purpose secondaries firing as AA in this range band.
Range5 km
Guns45 mm SM-20-ZIF
Continuous DPS ƒ
Initial: 63 × 3.5 × 0.9 = 198 → 61 × 3.5 × 0.9 = 192. Raw aura damage × 3.5 × hit probability, the same in-game units as the Close-range AA DPS headline.
Range3.5 km
Total DPS in Aura ƒ
Far 126 + Medium 192 = 318
Guns25 mm 4M-120
Continuous DPS ƒ
Initial: 36 × 3.5 × 0.85 = 107 → 50 × 3.5 × 0.85 = 149. Raw aura damage × 3.5 × hit probability, the same in-game units as the Close-range AA DPS headline.
Range3.1 km
Total DPS in Aura ƒ
Far 126 + Medium 192 + Near 149 = 467
AA explosions ƒ
Each ~2 s salvo fires 2 AA explosions in quick succession, each leaving 4 clouds ahead of the attacking squadron, plus 2 stray clouds farther out that appear off-beat between salvos - up to 10 clouds per salvo × 220 damage each. Planes that fly into a cloud take its damage; clouds dissipate before the next salvo lands. Defensive AA Fire, where fitted, multiplies the AA explosions within each salvo, and commander skills that raise the Number of AA explosions add to it.
Cloud damage ƒ
Damage a plane takes for flying into one flak cloud, before any reductions.
Cloud spawn chance ƒ
Each cloud in the pattern rolls this chance to spawn, so salvos average fewer clouds than the maximum. Often called flak 'hit chance', but spawned clouds always damage planes that fly into them - the roll is on spawning.
Salvo interval ƒ
A new flak salvo (the AA explosions above) fires roughly every 2 s.
Fired by ƒ
Flak keeps firing while at least one secondary battery mount is operational - even losing every dedicated AA mount does not stop it.
Flak zone ƒ
The activation band: flak fires while attacking planes are inside it. Clouds are placed ahead of the planes' path, so clouds can land short of 2.5 km or past 5 km - once planes get inside the band, new salvos stop. AA range bonuses push the outer edge out; the 2.5 km inner edge does not move.
Mounts6
Firing range5.0 km
Shell Grouping (σ)1
Secondary DPM (per side) ƒ
Sum across all secondary families of (per-side barrels × 60 / reload_s × alpha), with each reload counted in whole 1/7 s ticks (guns fire on the first tick after the reload), where per-side barrels = mounts × barrels-per-mount / 2 (the guns that bear on one broadside target). Per-family: Initial: 6×2 100 mm (6/side) × 60/3.857 s (3.75 s = 27 ticks) × 1400 = 130,667 → 6×2 100 mm (6/side) × 60/4 s × 1400 = 126,000. Assumes every shell hits (real hit rate is lower; the Brawl matchup tool on the Compare page folds in dispersion + target armor).
Secondary fire DPM vs T8 BB (per side) ƒ
Fires/min (per side) 5.4 × (1 − 0.4 fire resistance) × 60 s × 0.003 of max HP per second × 75,900 HP = 44,265. Per side: the barrels that bear on one broadside target (mounts × barrels / 2). A ceiling: assumes every shell hits and ignores the four-fire cap and Fire Prevention.
Total secondary DPM vs T8 BB (per side) ƒ
Secondary DPM (per side) 126,000 + secondary fire DPM 44,265 = 170,265: shell damage plus fire damage against one T8 battleship, every shell hitting.
Secondary dispersion type ƒ
Max dispersion = range (km) × 57 + 30. Each dispersion type sets its own slope; this is not a percentage applied to a standard baseline.
Max secondary dispersion @ 5 km ƒ
5 km × 57 + 30 = 315 m.
Caliber100 mm
Reload time3.75 s → 4 s
HE alpha1,400
Muzzle Velocity895 m/s → 1000 m/s
Fire Chance6%
Secondary fires/min (per side) ƒ
Stock hull: 6×2 barrels / 2 sides × 60 / 3.857 s (3.75 s = 27 ticks) × 0.06 (6% fire chance) = 5.6. Upgraded hull: 6×2 barrels / 2 sides × 60 / 4 s × 0.06 (6% fire chance) = 5.4. Per side: the barrels that bear on one broadside target (mounts × barrels / 2). A ceiling: assumes every shell hits and ignores the four-fire cap and Fire Prevention.
HE Pen17 mm
Maneuverability
Engine power144,000 hp
Maximum speed36.0 kt
Turning circle radius970 m
Rudder shift timeInitial: 14.8 s → 10.6 s
Engine power-boost threshold7.0 kt
Engine spool-up time15.3 s
Reverse spool-up time7.7 s
Reverse speed ƒ
top speed / 4 + 4.9 = 36 / 4 + 4.9 = 13.9 kt. Base value; speed modifiers scale it.
Crash stop ƒ
Seconds from top speed to a dead stop after ordering full reverse: reverse power winds in over the reverse spool-up while water drag does most of the braking, using the ship's own reverse-power ratio. The full curve is on the acceleration chart. Full reverse stops about a quarter faster than a plain Stop order from top speed.
Engine boost threshold (reverse) ƒ
Speed below which the engine's built-in power boost applies in reverse.
Acceleration 0-90% ƒ
Time to reach 90% of top speed (32.4 kt of 36.0 kt).
Acceleration 0-99% ƒ
Time to reach 99% of top speed (35.6 kt of 36.0 kt). 99% rather than 100% because true top speed is asymptotic (thrust meets drag), so the last fraction of a knot is never quite gained.
Guns in a full turn ƒ
With the rudder hard over the hull turns 4.2°/s, so a target drifts across the bow at that rate. Turret traverse minus hull turn: 8 − 4.2 = +3.8°/s, so the guns hold the target through the turn. Main Battery Mod. 2 (+20% traverse) and Mod. 3 (−15%) move this line.
Detectability by sea ƒ
Base value, no camouflage. With a Grade IV permanent camo (or any disposable camo): 14.69 km x 0.955 = 14.03 km. Camouflage does not change detectability by air.
With Grade IV camouflage (sea) ƒ
Detectability by sea 14.69 km x 0.955 (Grade IV permanent camo or any disposable camo) = 14.03 km.
Detectability by air8.81 km
Smoke firing penalty8.43 km
Detect when firing (sea) ƒ
max(main battery range, sea detectability 14.69 km) = 15.97 km. Equal to the ship's main battery range (never below base detectability): firing makes you visible to everyone you can reach.
Detect when firing (air) ƒ
Air detectability 8.81 km + gun-firing bloom 3.6 km = 12.41 km. The bloom tracks main-battery caliber 180 mm × 0.020 = 3.6 km.
Detect when on fire (sea) ƒ
Sea detectability 14.69 km + 2.0 km while burning = 16.69 km.
Detect when on fire (air) ƒ
Air detectability 8.81 km + 3.0 km while burning = 11.81 km.
Guaranteed Detect2 km
Damage Control Party∞ charges · 60 s reload · 5 s activeChoose one
Sonar2 charges · 180 s reload · 98 s active · 4.68 km ship detect ƒ
Derived from the consumable's 30 m grid-unit range (km = grid units x 30 / 1000): ƒ
Derived from the consumable's 30 m grid-unit range (km = grid units x 30 / 1000): 
Defensive AA Fire3 charges · 140 s reload · 25 s active · ×2 flak burst boost ƒ
Repeats the flak burst pattern ×2 within each salvo - more clouds in the air over the salvo, at the same spots.
Surveillance Radar2 charges · 180 s reload · 25 s active · 11.7 km radar range ƒ
Derived from the consumable's 30 m grid-unit range (km = grid units x 30 / 1000): 
Repair Party2 charges · 55 s reload · 28 s active · 9,290 HP (19.6% of max HP) total heal (per charge) ƒ
0.007 of max HP per second (0.7%) × 28 s effective active time = 0.196 of max HP × 47,400 HP = 9,290 HP: up to 19.6% of max HP restored per charge.ƒ
0.196 of max HP per charge × 2 charges = 0.392 × 47,400 HP = 18,580 HP: up to 39.2% of max HP if the whole Repair Party loadout is used.ƒ
0.007 (0.7% of max HP) × 47,400 HP = 332 HP/s. WoWS heals a flat percent of MAX HP each second, so this rate holds at any health level.
