Main battery formulas
Shell Grouping (σ)2.15
Shell grouping (sigma); shown in-game as Shell Grouping.
Max Horiz Disp140.1 m
Horizontal dispersion ellipse width at max range. (R/30·(idealRadius−minRadius)/idealDistance + minRadius)·30 = (15525/30·(8−1.1)/1000 + 1.1)·30 = 140.1 m
Max Vert Disp84.1 m
Vertical dispersion ellipse height at max range = max horizontal × radiusOnMax = 140.1 × 0.6 = 84.1 m
Med Horiz Disp42.4 m
50%-hit horizontal radius = max horizontal × GetHalfHitsRatio(σ) = 140.1 × 0.303 (σ=2.15) = 42.4 m
Med Vert Disp25.4 m
50%-hit vertical radius = max vertical × GetHalfHitsRatio(σ) = 84.1 × 0.302 (σ=2.15) = 25.4 m
AP Pen Close620.9 mm
Canonical community AP formula (jcw780/wows_shell), evaluated at muzzle velocity: 1e-7 × Krupp × mass^0.69 × caliber_m^-1.07 × v0^1.38 = 1e-7 × 2650 × 227.9^0.69 × 0.254^-1.07 × 945^1.38 = 620.9 mm. Matches the in-game spec card.
AP Pen Far247.9 mm
Same formula at the ship's max firing range (19.4 km), where the shell has slowed to 485.9 m/s: 1e-7 × 2650 × 227.9^0.69 × 0.254^-1.07 × 485.9^1.38 = 247.9 mm.
HE penetration42 mm
42 mm ≈ 254 mm caliber / 6 (standard HE penetration ratio).
AP overmatch17 mm
floor(254 mm caliber / 14.3) = 17 mm (AP auto-penetrates plating this thick or less).
AP AOE Radius0
AP shell over-penetration splash radius; scales with shell mass. Wickes 102mm = 3, standard 152mm CL ~ 20, Iowa 406mm ~ 270, Yamato 460mm = 400, Incomparable 650mm = 550 (max). Larger value = bigger splash damage area when AP over-pens.
Broadside guns used for alpha9
All 9 barrels bear on the broadside.
Turret turn time25.7 s
180 degrees / 7 deg/s traverse speed = 25.7 s.
HE full-salvo alpha31,050
3,450 HE damage x 9 broadside guns = 31,050.
AP full-salvo alpha55,350
6,150 AP damage x 9 broadside guns = 55,350.
Base HE DPM109,588
31,050 HE full-salvo alpha x 60 / 17 s base reload = 109,588.
Base AP DPM195,353
55,350 AP full-salvo alpha x 60 / 17 s base reload = 195,353.
Installed HE DPM121,765
31,050 HE full-salvo alpha x 60 / 15.3 s installed reload (Main Battery Mod. 3 = -10%) = 121,765.
Installed AP DPM217,059
55,350 AP full-salvo alpha x 60 / 15.3 s installed reload (Main Battery Mod. 3 = -10%) = 217,059.
Base shells/min31.8
9 broadside guns x 60 / 17 s base reload = 31.8.
Installed shells/min35.3
9 broadside guns x 60 / 15.3 s installed Artillery reload = 35.3.
Base fires/min5.08
9 HE shells x 60 / 17 s reload x 16% fire chance = 5.08.
Installed fires/min5.65
9 HE shells x 60 / 15.3 s installed reload x 16% fire chance = 5.65.
Torpedoes
Torpedo detectability1.1 km
Estimated torpedo reaction time7.6 s
detectability / (speed kt x 2.6 community game-speed factor).
Torpedo speed56 kt
Travel time to max range92.7 s
range / (speed kt x 2.6 community game-speed factor).
Tube count8
2 launchers x 4 tubes.
Per-side salvo4 torpedoes
tube count / 2 (symmetric port/starboard launcher layout; common on cruisers and battleships with deck torpedoes).
Full-salvo damage103,200
tube count x per-torpedo simulated damage (all torpedoes hitting).
Per-side salvo damage51,600
per-side salvo x per-torpedo simulated damage.
AA defense
Close-range AA DPS478
Sum across every AA aura on this ship of (aura.continuous_damage x 3.5 x aura.hit_probability). Here: (87×3.5×0.9) + (38×3.5×0.85) + (29×3.5×0.9) = 478. Covers AA-only mounts plus dual-purpose secondaries (Bismarck 105mm, USN 5"/38 cruiser secondaries) and dual-purpose main batteries (Sumner-class 5"/38, Akizuki-line 100mm). Formula validated against in-game captures on California, Sumner, Manfred von Richthofen, Dante Alighieri (exact) and within +/-17% on the remaining verified ships.
Maximum AA range4 km
Longest-reaching aura across AA-only + dual-purpose auras.
AA threat index1551
SUM over AA auras of (aura DPS x aura range km). A plane crossing the AA bubble is exposed to each aura for a time proportional to that aura's range, so long-reach DPS is worth more than the same DPS in a short bubble. Units: DPS*km; used to rank overall AA threat across the cohort.
Near aura range2 km
Secondary battery firepower
Secondary DPM (per side)417,500
Sum across all secondary families of (per-side barrels × 60 / reload_s × alpha), where per-side barrels = mounts × barrels-per-mount / 2 (the guns that bear on one broadside target). Per-family: 4×3 152 mm (6/side) × 60/7.2 × 3850 = 192,500 + 6×2 90 mm (6/side) × 60/3.2 × 2000 = 225,000. Assumes every shell hits (real hit rate is lower; the Brawl matchup tool on the Compare page folds in dispersion + target armor).
Max SAP alpha3850
Maximum SAP damage per shell across secondary SAP families. Best on this ship: 3850 from the 152 mm family.
Max SAP pen42.3 mm
Maximum SAP armor penetration across secondary SAP families. SAP auto-bounces past its ricochet angles but never shatters on plate it can pen, and it starts no fires. Best on this ship: 42.3 mm from the 152 mm family.
Damage Control Party
Exhaust Smoke Generator
Defensive AA Fire
Catapult Fighter
Secondary Battery Booster
Repair Party