Main battery formulas
Shell Grouping (σ)2.15
Shell grouping (sigma); shown in-game as Shell Grouping.
Max Horiz Disp118.2 m
Horizontal dispersion ellipse width at max range. (R/30·(idealRadius−minRadius)/idealDistance + minRadius)·30 = (12355/30·(8−1.1)/1000 + 1.1)·30 = 118.2 m
Max Vert Disp70.9 m
Vertical dispersion ellipse height at max range = max horizontal × radiusOnMax = 118.2 × 0.6 = 70.9 m
Med Horiz Disp35.7 m
50%-hit horizontal radius = max horizontal × GetHalfHitsRatio(σ) = 118.2 × 0.302 (σ=2.15) = 35.7 m
Med Vert Disp21.4 m
50%-hit vertical radius = max vertical × GetHalfHitsRatio(σ) = 70.9 × 0.302 (σ=2.15) = 21.4 m
Dispersion familyCruiser Disp.
Standard cruiser dispersion baseline.
AP Pen Close261.7 mm
Canonical community AP formula (jcw780/wows_shell), evaluated at muzzle velocity: 1e-7 × Krupp × mass^0.69 × caliber_m^-1.07 × v0^1.38 = 1e-7 × 2100 × 45.4^0.69 × 0.152^-1.07 × 900^1.38 = 261.7 mm. Matches the in-game spec card.
AP Pen Far62.7 mm
Same formula at the ship's max firing range (17 km), where the shell has slowed to 319.6 m/s: 1e-7 × 2100 × 45.4^0.69 × 0.152^-1.07 × 319.6^1.38 = 62.7 mm.
HE penetration25 mm
25 mm ≈ 152 mm caliber / 6 (standard HE penetration ratio).
AP overmatch10 mm
floor(152 mm caliber / 14.3) = 10 mm (AP auto-penetrates plating this thick or less).
AP AOE Radius15
AP shell over-penetration splash radius; scales with shell mass. Wickes 102mm = 3, standard 152mm CL ~ 20, Iowa 406mm ~ 270, Yamato 460mm = 400, Incomparable 650mm = 550 (max). Larger value = bigger splash damage area when AP over-pens.
Broadside guns used for alpha8
All 8 barrels bear on the broadside.
Turret turn time18 s
180 degrees / 10 deg/s traverse speed = 18 s.
HE full-salvo alpha17,600
2,200 HE damage x 8 broadside guns = 17,600.
AP full-salvo alpha23,200
2,900 AP damage x 8 broadside guns = 23,200.
Base HE DPM105,600
17,600 HE full-salvo alpha x 60 / 10 s base reload = 105,600.
Base AP DPM139,200
23,200 AP full-salvo alpha x 60 / 10 s base reload = 139,200.
Base shells/min48
8 broadside guns x 60 / 10 s base reload = 48.
Base fires/min3.84
8 HE shells x 60 / 10 s reload x 8% fire chance = 3.84.
Torpedoes
Torpedo detectability1.2 km
Estimated torpedo reaction time7.8 s
detectability / (speed kt x 2.6 community game-speed factor).
Torpedo speed59 kt
Travel time to max range39.1 s
range / (speed kt x 2.6 community game-speed factor).
Tube count6
2 launchers x 3 tubes.
Per-side salvo3 torpedoes
tube count / 2 (symmetric port/starboard launcher layout; common on cruisers and battleships with deck torpedoes).
Full-salvo damage66,402
tube count x per-torpedo simulated damage (all torpedoes hitting).
Per-side salvo damage33,201
per-side salvo x per-torpedo simulated damage.
AA defense
Close-range AA DPS127
Sum across every AA aura on this ship of (aura.continuous_damage x 3.5 x aura.hit_probability). Here: (13×3.5×0.9) + (29×3.5×0.85) = 127. Covers AA-only mounts plus dual-purpose secondaries (Bismarck 105mm, USN 5"/38 cruiser secondaries) and dual-purpose main batteries (Sumner-class 5"/38, Akizuki-line 100mm). Formula validated against in-game captures on California, Sumner, Manfred von Richthofen, Dante Alighieri (exact) and within +/-17% on the remaining verified ships.
Maximum AA range3.5 km
Longest-reaching aura across AA-only + dual-purpose auras.
AA threat index316
SUM over AA auras of (aura DPS x aura range km). A plane crossing the AA bubble is exposed to each aura for a time proportional to that aura's range, so long-reach DPS is worth more than the same DPS in a short bubble. Units: DPS*km; used to rank overall AA threat across the cohort.
Near aura range2 km
Damage Control Party
Sonar