Main battery formulas
Shell Grouping (σ)2
Shell grouping (sigma); shown in-game as Shell Grouping.
Max Horiz Disp125.3 m
Horizontal dispersion ellipse width at max range. (R/30·(idealRadius−minRadius)/idealDistance + minRadius)·30 = (13376/30·(8−1.1)/1000 + 1.1)·30 = 125.3 m
Max Vert Disp75.2 m
Vertical dispersion ellipse height at max range = max horizontal × radiusOnMax = 125.3 × 0.6 = 75.2 m
Med Horiz Disp40 m
50%-hit horizontal radius = max horizontal × GetHalfHitsRatio(σ) = 125.3 × 0.319 (σ=2) = 40 m
Med Vert Disp24 m
50%-hit vertical radius = max vertical × GetHalfHitsRatio(σ) = 75.2 × 0.319 (σ=2) = 24 m
AP Pen Close233.1 mm
Canonical community AP formula (jcw780/wows_shell), evaluated at muzzle velocity: 1e-7 × Krupp × mass^0.69 × caliber_m^-1.07 × v0^1.38 = 1e-7 × 1772 × 47.6^0.69 × 0.152^-1.07 × 914^1.38 = 233.1 mm. Matches the in-game spec card.
AP Pen Far54.6 mm
Same formula at the ship's max firing range (16.7 km), where the shell has slowed to 319.2 m/s: 1e-7 × 1772 × 47.6^0.69 × 0.152^-1.07 × 319.2^1.38 = 54.6 mm.
HE penetration25 mm
25 mm ≈ 152 mm caliber / 6 (standard HE penetration ratio).
AP overmatch10 mm
floor(152 mm caliber / 14.3) = 10 mm (AP auto-penetrates plating this thick or less).
AP AOE Radius10
AP shell over-penetration splash radius; scales with shell mass. Wickes 102mm = 3, standard 152mm CL ~ 20, Iowa 406mm ~ 270, Yamato 460mm = 400, Incomparable 650mm = 550 (max). Larger value = bigger splash damage area when AP over-pens.
Broadside guns used for alpha8
Barrels that can bear on one beam (8 of 12); casemate/wing mounts only fire one side.
Turret turn time18 s
180 degrees / 10 deg/s traverse speed = 18 s.
HE full-salvo alpha17,600
2,200 HE damage x 8 broadside guns = 17,600.
AP full-salvo alpha24,800
3,100 AP damage x 8 broadside guns = 24,800.
Base HE DPM150,857
17,600 HE full-salvo alpha x 60 / 7 s base reload = 150,857.
Base AP DPM212,571
24,800 AP full-salvo alpha x 60 / 7 s base reload = 212,571.
Base shells/min68.6
8 broadside guns x 60 / 7 s base reload = 68.6.
Base fires/min8.23
8 HE shells x 60 / 7 s reload x 12% fire chance = 8.23.
Torpedoes
Torpedo detectability1 km
Estimated torpedo reaction time7.8 s
detectability / (speed kt x 2.6 community game-speed factor).
Torpedo speed49 kt
Travel time to max range64.5 s
range / (speed kt x 2.6 community game-speed factor).
Tube count6
2 launchers x 3 tubes.
Per-side salvo3 torpedoes
tube count / 2 (symmetric port/starboard launcher layout; common on cruisers and battleships with deck torpedoes).
Full-salvo damage33,198
tube count x per-torpedo simulated damage (all torpedoes hitting).
Per-side salvo damage16,599
per-side salvo x per-torpedo simulated damage.
AA defense
Close-range AA DPS13
Sum across every AA aura on this ship of (aura.continuous_damage x 3.5 x aura.hit_probability). Here: (4×3.5×0.9) = 13. Covers AA-only mounts plus dual-purpose secondaries (Bismarck 105mm, USN 5"/38 cruiser secondaries) and dual-purpose main batteries (Sumner-class 5"/38, Akizuki-line 100mm). Formula validated against in-game captures on California, Sumner, Manfred von Richthofen, Dante Alighieri (exact) and within +/-17% on the remaining verified ships.
Maximum AA range3.5 km
Longest-reaching aura across AA-only + dual-purpose auras.
AA threat index44
SUM over AA auras of (aura DPS x aura range km). A plane crossing the AA bubble is exposed to each aura for a time proportional to that aura's range, so long-reach DPS is worth more than the same DPS in a short bubble. Units: DPS*km; used to rank overall AA threat across the cohort.
Damage Control Party
Sonar
Catapult Fighter