Main battery formulas
Shell Grouping (σ)1.8
Shell grouping (sigma); shown in-game as Shell Grouping.
Max Horiz Disp214.2 m
Horizontal dispersion ellipse width at max range. (R/30·(idealRadius−minRadius)/idealDistance + minRadius)·30 = (15415/30·(12−2)/1000 + 2)·30 = 214.2 m
Max Vert Disp128.5 m
Vertical dispersion ellipse height at max range = max horizontal × radiusOnMax = 214.2 × 0.6 = 128.5 m
Med Horiz Disp73.6 m
50%-hit horizontal radius = max horizontal × GetHalfHitsRatio(σ) = 214.2 × 0.344 (σ=1.8) = 73.6 m
Med Vert Disp44.2 m
50%-hit vertical radius = max vertical × GetHalfHitsRatio(σ) = 128.5 × 0.344 (σ=1.8) = 44.2 m
AP Pen Close708.7 mm
Canonical community AP formula (jcw780/wows_shell), evaluated at muzzle velocity: 1e-7 × Krupp × mass^0.69 × caliber_m^-1.07 × v0^1.38 = 1e-7 × 2604 × 680.4^0.69 × 0.356^-1.07 × 792^1.38 = 708.7 mm. Matches the in-game spec card.
AP Pen Far351.6 mm
Same formula at the ship's max firing range (19.3 km), where the shell has slowed to 476.6 m/s: 1e-7 × 2604 × 680.4^0.69 × 0.356^-1.07 × 476.6^1.38 = 351.6 mm.
HE penetration59 mm
59 mm ≈ 356 mm caliber / 6 (standard HE penetration ratio).
AP overmatch24 mm
floor(356 mm caliber / 14.3) = 24 mm (AP auto-penetrates plating this thick or less).
AP AOE Radius60
AP shell over-penetration splash radius; scales with shell mass. Wickes 102mm = 3, standard 152mm CL ~ 20, Iowa 406mm ~ 270, Yamato 460mm = 400, Incomparable 650mm = 550 (max). Larger value = bigger splash damage area when AP over-pens.
Broadside guns used for alpha12
All 12 barrels bear on the broadside.
Turret turn time60 s
180 degrees / 3 deg/s traverse speed = 60 s.
HE full-salvo alpha60,000
5,000 HE damage x 12 broadside guns = 60,000.
AP full-salvo alpha123,600
10,300 AP damage x 12 broadside guns = 123,600.
Base HE DPM102,857
60,000 HE full-salvo alpha x 60 / 35 s base reload = 102,857.
Base AP DPM211,886
123,600 AP full-salvo alpha x 60 / 35 s base reload = 211,886.
Base shells/min20.6
12 broadside guns x 60 / 35 s base reload = 20.6.
Base fires/min6.17
12 HE shells x 60 / 35 s reload x 30% fire chance = 6.17.
AA defense
Close-range AA DPS177
Sum across every AA aura on this ship of (aura.continuous_damage x 3.5 x aura.hit_probability). Here: (18×3.5×0.75) + (24×3.5×0.7) + (27×3.5×0.75) = 177. Covers AA-only mounts plus dual-purpose secondaries (Bismarck 105mm, USN 5"/38 cruiser secondaries) and dual-purpose main batteries (Sumner-class 5"/38, Akizuki-line 100mm). Formula validated against in-game captures on California, Sumner, Manfred von Richthofen, Dante Alighieri (exact) and within +/-17% on the remaining verified ships.
Maximum AA range4.2 km
Longest-reaching aura across AA-only + dual-purpose auras.
AA threat index515
SUM over AA auras of (aura DPS x aura range km). A plane crossing the AA bubble is exposed to each aura for a time proportional to that aura's range, so long-reach DPS is worth more than the same DPS in a short bubble. Units: DPS*km; used to rank overall AA threat across the cohort.
Near aura range1.2 km
Secondary battery firepower
Secondary DPM (per side)173,143
Sum across all secondary families of (per-side barrels × 60 / reload_s × alpha), where per-side barrels = mounts × barrels-per-mount / 2 (the guns that bear on one broadside target). Per-family: 8×1 127 mm (4/side) × 60/4.5 × 1800 = 96,000 + 10×1 127 mm (5/side) × 60/7 × 1800 = 77,143. Assumes every shell hits (real hit rate is lower; the Brawl matchup tool on the Compare page folds in dispersion + target armor).
Max HE alpha1800
Maximum HE damage per shell across secondary HE families. Best on this ship: 1800 from the 127 mm family.
Max HE fire chance9%
Maximum per-shell fire chance across secondary HE families (before target fire resistance is applied). Best on this ship: 9% from the 127 mm family.
Max HE pen21 mm
Maximum HE armor penetration across secondary HE families (caliber × 1/6 for most nations; 1/4 for German/UK BBs). Shells whose pen falls under a plate's armor thickness shatter for 0 hull damage though fire chance still applies. Best on this ship: 21 mm from the 127 mm family.
Damage Control Party
Repair Party
Catapult Fighter
Observation Seaplane
Secondary Battery Booster