Main battery formulas
Shell Grouping (σ)1.9
Shell grouping (sigma); shown in-game as Shell Grouping.
Max Horiz Disp207.7 m
Horizontal dispersion ellipse width at max range. (R/30·(idealRadius−minRadius)/idealDistance + minRadius)·30 = (17177/30·(10−2.8)/1000 + 2.8)·30 = 207.7 m
Max Vert Disp166.1 m
Vertical dispersion ellipse height at max range = max horizontal × radiusOnMax = 207.7 × 0.8 = 166.1 m
Med Horiz Disp68.9 m
50%-hit horizontal radius = max horizontal × GetHalfHitsRatio(σ) = 207.7 × 0.332 (σ=1.9) = 68.9 m
Med Vert Disp55.1 m
50%-hit vertical radius = max vertical × GetHalfHitsRatio(σ) = 166.1 × 0.332 (σ=1.9) = 55.1 m
AP Pen Close880.5 mm
Canonical community AP formula (jcw780/wows_shell), evaluated at muzzle velocity: 1e-7 × Krupp × mass^0.69 × caliber_m^-1.07 × v0^1.38 = 1e-7 × 2650 × 1020^0.69 × 0.41^-1.07 × 834^1.38 = 880.5 mm. Matches the in-game spec card.
AP Pen Far437.1 mm
Same formula at the ship's max firing range (21.5 km), where the shell has slowed to 502.1 m/s: 1e-7 × 2650 × 1020^0.69 × 0.41^-1.07 × 502.1^1.38 = 437.1 mm.
HE penetration68 mm
68 mm ≈ 410 mm caliber / 6 (standard HE penetration ratio).
AP overmatch28 mm
floor(410 mm caliber / 14.3) = 28 mm (AP auto-penetrates plating this thick or less).
AP AOE Radius250
AP shell over-penetration splash radius; scales with shell mass. Wickes 102mm = 3, standard 152mm CL ~ 20, Iowa 406mm ~ 270, Yamato 460mm = 400, Incomparable 650mm = 550 (max). Larger value = bigger splash damage area when AP over-pens.
Broadside guns used for alpha8
All 8 barrels bear on the broadside.
Turret turn time35 s
180 degrees / 5.14 deg/s traverse speed = 35 s.
HE full-salvo alpha52,000
6,500 HE damage x 8 broadside guns = 52,000.
AP full-salvo alpha108,800
13,600 AP damage x 8 broadside guns = 108,800.
Base HE DPM124,800
52,000 HE full-salvo alpha x 60 / 25 s base reload = 124,800.
Base AP DPM261,120
108,800 AP full-salvo alpha x 60 / 25 s base reload = 261,120.
Installed HE DPM138,667
52,000 HE full-salvo alpha x 60 / 22.5 s installed reload (Main Battery Mod. 3 = -10%) = 138,667.
Installed AP DPM290,133
108,800 AP full-salvo alpha x 60 / 22.5 s installed reload (Main Battery Mod. 3 = -10%) = 290,133.
Base shells/min19.2
8 broadside guns x 60 / 25 s base reload = 19.2.
Installed shells/min21.3
8 broadside guns x 60 / 22.5 s installed Artillery reload = 21.3.
Base fires/min5.76
8 HE shells x 60 / 25 s reload x 30% fire chance = 5.76.
Installed fires/min6.4
8 HE shells x 60 / 22.5 s installed reload x 30% fire chance = 6.4.
Torpedoes
Torpedo detectability2.2 km
Estimated torpedo reaction time12.1 s
detectability / (speed kt x 2.6 community game-speed factor).
Torpedo speed70 kt
Travel time to max range82.4 s
range / (speed kt x 2.6 community game-speed factor).
Tube count8
2 launchers x 4 tubes.
Per-side salvo4 torpedoes
tube count / 2 (symmetric port/starboard launcher layout; common on cruisers and battleships with deck torpedoes).
Full-salvo damage156,536
tube count x per-torpedo simulated damage (all torpedoes hitting).
Per-side salvo damage78,268
per-side salvo x per-torpedo simulated damage.
AA defense
Close-range AA DPS531
Sum across every AA aura on this ship of (aura.continuous_damage x 3.5 x aura.hit_probability). Here: (129×3.5×0.85) + (56×3.5×0.75) = 531. Covers AA-only mounts plus dual-purpose secondaries (Bismarck 105mm, USN 5"/38 cruiser secondaries) and dual-purpose main batteries (Sumner-class 5"/38, Akizuki-line 100mm). Formula validated against in-game captures on California, Sumner, Manfred von Richthofen, Dante Alighieri (exact) and within +/-17% on the remaining verified ships.
Maximum AA range5 km
Longest-reaching aura across AA-only + dual-purpose auras.
AA threat index1925
SUM over AA auras of (aura DPS x aura range km). A plane crossing the AA bubble is exposed to each aura for a time proportional to that aura's range, so long-reach DPS is worth more than the same DPS in a short bubble. Units: DPS*km; used to rank overall AA threat across the cohort.
Near aura range3.1 km
Secondary battery firepower
Secondary DPM (per side)330,500
Sum across all secondary families of (per-side barrels × 60 / reload_s × alpha), where per-side barrels = mounts × barrels-per-mount / 2 (the guns that bear on one broadside target). Per-family: 8×2 100 mm (8/side) × 60/3 × 1700 = 272,000 + 3×3 155 mm (4.5/side) × 60/12 × 2600 = 58,500. Assumes every shell hits (real hit rate is lower; the Brawl matchup tool on the Compare page folds in dispersion + target armor).
Max HE alpha2600
Maximum HE damage per shell across secondary HE families. Best on this ship: 2600 from the 155 mm family.
Max HE fire chance10%
Maximum per-shell fire chance across secondary HE families (before target fire resistance is applied). Best on this ship: 10% from the 155 mm family.
Max HE pen26 mm
Maximum HE armor penetration across secondary HE families (caliber × 1/6 for most nations; 1/4 for German/UK BBs). Shells whose pen falls under a plate's armor thickness shatter for 0 hull damage though fire chance still applies. Best on this ship: 26 mm from the 155 mm family.
Damage Control Party
Repair Party
Secondary Battery Booster