Main battery formulas
Shell Grouping (σ)1.7
Shell grouping (sigma); shown in-game as Shell Grouping.
Max Horiz Disp125.6 m
Horizontal dispersion ellipse width at max range, from the verified WoWS dispersion model: $\sigma_H = \left(\dfrac{R}{30}\cdot\dfrac{\text{idealRadius}-\text{minRadius}}{\text{idealDistance}} + \text{minRadius}\right)\cdot 30$ $= \left(\dfrac{14749}{30}\cdot\dfrac{8-0.5}{1000} + 0.5\right)\cdot 30 = 125.6\,\text{m}$
Max Vert Disp75.4 m
Vertical dispersion ellipse height at max range: $\sigma_V = \sigma_H \cdot \text{radiusOnMax}$ $= 125.6 \cdot 0.6 = 75.4\,\text{m}$
Med Horiz Disp44.8 m
50%-hit horizontal radius: $\sigma_{H,50} = \sigma_H \cdot \text{GetHalfHitsRatio}(\sigma)$ $= 125.6 \cdot 0.357\;(\sigma = 1.7) = 44.8\,\text{m}$
Med Vert Disp26.9 m
50%-hit vertical radius: $\sigma_{V,50} = \sigma_V \cdot \text{GetHalfHitsRatio}(\sigma)$ $= 75.4 \cdot 0.357\;(\sigma = 1.7) = 26.9\,\text{m}$
AP Pen Close218 mm
Canonical community AP formula (jcw780/wows_shell), evaluated at muzzle velocity: $P = 10^{-7}\cdot K \cdot m^{0.69} \cdot d^{-1.07} \cdot v_0^{1.38}$ $= 10^{-7}\cdot 2598 \cdot 25^{0.69} \cdot 0.127^{-1.07} \cdot 792^{1.38} = 218\,\text{mm}$. Matches the in-game spec card.
AP Pen Far48.3 mm
Same formula at the ship's max firing range (16.4 km), where the shell has slowed to 265.6 m/s: $P = 10^{-7}\cdot 2598 \cdot 25^{0.69} \cdot 0.127^{-1.07} \cdot 265.6^{1.38} = 48.3\,\text{mm}$.
HE penetration21 mm
21 mm ≈ 127 mm caliber / 6 (standard HE penetration ratio).
AP overmatch8 mm
floor(127 mm caliber / 14.3) = 8 mm (AP auto-penetrates plating this thick or less).
AP AOE Radius10
AP shell over-penetration splash radius; scales with shell mass. Wickes 102mm = 3, standard 152mm CL ~ 20, Iowa 406mm ~ 270, Yamato 460mm = 400, Incomparable 650mm = 550 (max). Larger value = bigger splash damage area when AP over-pens.
Broadside guns used for alpha12
All 12 barrels bear on the broadside.
Turret turn time7.2 s
180 degrees / 25 deg/s traverse speed = 7.2 s.
HE full-salvo alpha21,600
1,800 HE damage x 12 broadside guns = 21,600.
AP full-salvo alpha25,200
2,100 AP damage x 12 broadside guns = 25,200.
Base HE DPM259,200
21,600 HE full-salvo alpha x 60 / 5 s base reload = 259,200.
Base AP DPM302,400
25,200 AP full-salvo alpha x 60 / 5 s base reload = 302,400.
Base shells/min144
12 broadside guns x 60 / 5 s base reload = 144.
Base fires/min7.2
12 HE shells x 60 / 5 s reload x 5% fire chance = 7.2.
Torpedoes
Torpedo detectability1.1 km
Estimated torpedo reaction time7.7 s
detectability / (speed kt x 2.6 community game-speed factor).
Torpedo speed55 kt
Travel time to max range64 s
range / (speed kt x 2.6 community game-speed factor).
Tube count8
2 launchers x 4 tubes.
Per-side salvo4 torpedoes
tube count / 2 (symmetric port/starboard launcher layout; common on cruisers and battleships with deck torpedoes).
Full-salvo damage124,264
All tubes hitting one target: tubes x per-torpedo simulated damage = 8 x 15,533 = 124,264.
Per-side salvo damage62,132
One side firing, all torpedoes hitting: per-side tubes x per-torpedo simulated damage = 4 x 15,533 = 62,132.
AA defense
Close-range AA DPS339
Sum across every AA aura on this ship of (aura.continuous_damage x 3.5 x aura.hit_probability). Here: (48×3.5×0.9) + (27×3.5×0.85) + (34×3.5×0.9) = 339. Covers AA-only mounts plus dual-purpose secondaries (Bismarck 105mm, USN 5"/38 cruiser secondaries) and dual-purpose main batteries (Sumner-class 5"/38, Akizuki-line 100mm). Formula validated against in-game captures on California, Sumner, Manfred von Richthofen, Dante Alighieri (exact) and within +/-17% on the remaining verified ships.
Maximum AA range5 km
Longest-reaching aura across AA-only + dual-purpose auras.
AA threat index1225
SUM over AA auras of (aura DPS x aura range km). A plane crossing the AA bubble is exposed to each aura for a time proportional to that aura's range, so long-reach DPS is worth more than the same DPS in a short bubble. Units: DPS*km; used to rank overall AA threat across the cohort.
Near aura range2 km
Damage Control Party
Sonar
Defensive AA Fire
Smoke Generator