Main battery formulas
Shell Grouping (σ)2
Shell grouping (sigma); shown in-game as Shell Grouping.
Max Horiz Disp129.3 m
Horizontal dispersion ellipse width at max range. (R/30·(idealRadius−minRadius)/idealDistance + minRadius)·30 = (13955/30·(8−1.1)/1000 + 1.1)·30 = 129.3 m
Max Vert Disp77.6 m
Vertical dispersion ellipse height at max range = max horizontal × radiusOnMax = 129.3 × 0.6 = 77.6 m
Med Horiz Disp41.3 m
50%-hit horizontal radius = max horizontal × GetHalfHitsRatio(σ) = 129.3 × 0.319 (σ=2) = 41.3 m
Med Vert Disp24.8 m
50%-hit vertical radius = max vertical × GetHalfHitsRatio(σ) = 77.6 × 0.32 (σ=2) = 24.8 m
Dispersion familyCruiser Disp.
Standard cruiser dispersion baseline.
AP Pen Close542.5 mm
Canonical community AP formula (jcw780/wows_shell), evaluated at muzzle velocity: 1e-7 × Krupp × mass^0.69 × caliber_m^-1.07 × v0^1.38 = 1e-7 × 2670 × 114.66^0.69 × 0.18^-1.07 × 920^1.38 = 542.5 mm. Matches the in-game spec card.
AP Pen Far219.3 mm
Same formula at the ship's max firing range (19.2 km), where the shell has slowed to 477.3 m/s: 1e-7 × 2670 × 114.66^0.69 × 0.18^-1.07 × 477.3^1.38 = 219.3 mm.
HE penetration30 mm
30 mm ≈ 180 mm caliber / 6 (standard HE penetration ratio).
AP overmatch12 mm
floor(180 mm caliber / 14.3) = 12 mm (AP auto-penetrates plating this thick or less).
AP AOE Radius25
AP shell over-penetration splash radius; scales with shell mass. Wickes 102mm = 3, standard 152mm CL ~ 20, Iowa 406mm ~ 270, Yamato 460mm = 400, Incomparable 650mm = 550 (max). Larger value = bigger splash damage area when AP over-pens.
Broadside guns used for alpha12
All 12 barrels bear on the broadside.
Turret turn time22.5 s
180 degrees / 8 deg/s traverse speed = 22.5 s.
HE full-salvo alpha30,000
2,500 HE damage x 12 broadside guns = 30,000.
AP full-salvo alpha52,800
4,400 AP damage x 12 broadside guns = 52,800.
Base HE DPM109,091 Δ
30,000 HE full-salvo alpha x 60 / 16.5 s base reload = 109,091
Base AP DPM192,000 Δ
52,800 AP full-salvo alpha x 60 / 16.5 s base reload = 192,000
Base shells/min44 Δ
12 broadside guns x 60 / 16.5 s base reload = 44
Base fires/min4.8 Δ
12 HE shells x 60 / 16.5 s reload x 11% fire chance = 4.8
Torpedoes
Torpedo detectability1.4 km
Estimated torpedo reaction time7.7 s
detectability / (speed kt x 2.6 community game-speed factor).
Torpedo speed70 kt
Travel time to max range22.1 s
range / (speed kt x 2.6 community game-speed factor).
Tube count10
2 launchers x 5 tubes.
Per-side salvo5 torpedoes
tube count / 2 (symmetric port/starboard launcher layout; common on cruisers and battleships with deck torpedoes).
Full-salvo damage140,000
tube count x per-torpedo simulated damage (all torpedoes hitting).
Per-side salvo damage70,000
per-side salvo x per-torpedo simulated damage.
AA defense
Close-range AA DPS397
Sum across every AA aura on this ship of (aura.continuous_damage x 3.5 x aura.hit_probability). Here: (83×3.5×0.9) + (43×3.5×0.9) = 397. Covers AA-only mounts plus dual-purpose secondaries (Bismarck 105mm, USN 5"/38 cruiser secondaries) and dual-purpose main batteries (Sumner-class 5"/38, Akizuki-line 100mm). Formula validated against in-game captures on California, Sumner, Manfred von Richthofen, Dante Alighieri (exact) and within +/-17% on the remaining verified ships.
Maximum AA range5 km
Longest-reaching aura across AA-only + dual-purpose auras.
AA threat index1592
SUM over AA auras of (aura DPS x aura range km). A plane crossing the AA bubble is exposed to each aura for a time proportional to that aura's range, so long-reach DPS is worth more than the same DPS in a short bubble. Units: DPS*km; used to rank overall AA threat across the cohort.
Secondary battery firepower
Secondary DPM (per side)126,000
Sum across all secondary families of (per-side barrels × 60 / reload_s × alpha), where per-side barrels = mounts × barrels-per-mount / 2 (the guns that bear on one broadside target). Per-family: 6×2 100 mm (6/side) × 60/4 × 1400 = 126,000. Assumes every shell hits (real hit rate is lower; the Brawl matchup tool on the Compare page folds in dispersion + target armor).
Max HE alpha1400
Maximum HE damage per shell across secondary HE families. Best on this ship: 1400 from the 100 mm family.
Max HE fire chance6%
Maximum per-shell fire chance across secondary HE families (before target fire resistance is applied). Best on this ship: 6% from the 100 mm family.
Max HE pen17 mm
Maximum HE armor penetration across secondary HE families (caliber × 1/6 for most nations; 1/4 for German/UK BBs). Shells whose pen falls under a plate's armor thickness shatter for 0 hull damage though fire chance still applies. Best on this ship: 17 mm from the 100 mm family.
Damage Control Party
Sonar
Defensive AA Fire
Surveillance Radar