Main battery formulas
Shell Grouping (σ)2
Shell grouping (sigma); shown in-game as Shell Grouping.
Max Horiz Disp132.2 m
Horizontal dispersion ellipse width at max range. (R/30·(idealRadius−minRadius)/idealDistance + minRadius)·30 = (14370/30·(8−1.1)/1000 + 1.1)·30 = 132.2 m
Max Vert Disp79.3 m
Vertical dispersion ellipse height at max range = max horizontal × radiusOnMax = 132.2 × 0.6 = 79.3 m
Med Horiz Disp42.2 m
50%-hit horizontal radius = max horizontal × GetHalfHitsRatio(σ) = 132.2 × 0.319 (σ=2) = 42.2 m
Med Vert Disp25.3 m
50%-hit vertical radius = max vertical × GetHalfHitsRatio(σ) = 79.3 × 0.319 (σ=2) = 25.3 m
Dispersion familyCruiser Disp.
Standard cruiser dispersion baseline.
AP Pen Close430.6 mm
Canonical community AP formula (jcw780/wows_shell), evaluated at muzzle velocity: 1e-7 × Krupp × mass^0.69 × caliber_m^-1.07 × v0^1.38 = 1e-7 × 2434 × 134^0.69 × 0.203^-1.07 × 845^1.38 = 430.6 mm. Matches the in-game spec card.
AP Pen Far138.4 mm
Same formula at the ship's max firing range (19.8 km), where the shell has slowed to 371.3 m/s: 1e-7 × 2434 × 134^0.69 × 0.203^-1.07 × 371.3^1.38 = 138.4 mm.
HE penetration34 mm
34 mm ≈ 203 mm caliber / 6 (standard HE penetration ratio).
AP overmatch14 mm
floor(203 mm caliber / 14.3) = 14 mm (AP auto-penetrates plating this thick or less).
AP AOE Radius30
AP shell over-penetration splash radius; scales with shell mass. Wickes 102mm = 3, standard 152mm CL ~ 20, Iowa 406mm ~ 270, Yamato 460mm = 400, Incomparable 650mm = 550 (max). Larger value = bigger splash damage area when AP over-pens.
Broadside guns used for alpha9
All 9 barrels bear on the broadside.
Turret turn time30 s
180 degrees / 6 deg/s traverse speed = 30 s.
HE full-salvo alpha26,550
2,950 HE damage x 9 broadside guns = 26,550.
AP full-salvo alpha45,450
5,050 AP damage x 9 broadside guns = 45,450.
Base HE DPM144,818
26,550 HE full-salvo alpha x 60 / 11 s base reload = 144,818.
Base AP DPM247,909
45,450 AP full-salvo alpha x 60 / 11 s base reload = 247,909.
Installed HE DPM160,909
26,550 HE full-salvo alpha x 60 / 9.9 s installed reload (Main Battery Mod. 3 = -10%) = 160,909.
Installed AP DPM275,455
45,450 AP full-salvo alpha x 60 / 9.9 s installed reload (Main Battery Mod. 3 = -10%) = 275,455.
Base shells/min49.1
9 broadside guns x 60 / 11 s base reload = 49.1.
Installed shells/min54.5
9 broadside guns x 60 / 9.9 s installed Artillery reload = 54.5.
Base fires/min7.36
9 HE shells x 60 / 11 s reload x 15% fire chance = 7.36.
Installed fires/min8.18
9 HE shells x 60 / 9.9 s installed reload x 15% fire chance = 8.18.
Torpedoes
Torpedo detectability1.3 km
Estimated torpedo reaction time8.3 s
detectability / (speed kt x 2.6 community game-speed factor).
Torpedo speed60 kt
Travel time to max range64 s
range / (speed kt x 2.6 community game-speed factor).
Tube count6
2 launchers x 3 tubes.
Per-side salvo3 torpedoes
tube count / 2 (symmetric port/starboard launcher layout; common on cruisers and battleships with deck torpedoes).
Full-salvo damage88,398
tube count x per-torpedo simulated damage (all torpedoes hitting).
Per-side salvo damage44,199
per-side salvo x per-torpedo simulated damage.
AA defense
Close-range AA DPS349
Sum across every AA aura on this ship of (aura.continuous_damage x 3.5 x aura.hit_probability). Here: (61×3.5×0.9) + (38×3.5×0.85) + (14×3.5×0.9) = 349. Covers AA-only mounts plus dual-purpose secondaries (Bismarck 105mm, USN 5"/38 cruiser secondaries) and dual-purpose main batteries (Sumner-class 5"/38, Akizuki-line 100mm). Formula validated against in-game captures on California, Sumner, Manfred von Richthofen, Dante Alighieri (exact) and within +/-17% on the remaining verified ships.
Maximum AA range5 km
Longest-reaching aura across AA-only + dual-purpose auras.
AA threat index1119
SUM over AA auras of (aura DPS x aura range km). A plane crossing the AA bubble is exposed to each aura for a time proportional to that aura's range, so long-reach DPS is worth more than the same DPS in a short bubble. Units: DPS*km; used to rank overall AA threat across the cohort.
Near aura range2 km
Secondary battery firepower
Secondary DPM (per side)105,000
Sum across all secondary families of (per-side barrels × 60 / reload_s × alpha), where per-side barrels = mounts × barrels-per-mount / 2 (the guns that bear on one broadside target). Per-family: 5×2 100 mm (5/side) × 60/4 × 1400 = 105,000. Assumes every shell hits (real hit rate is lower; the Brawl matchup tool on the Compare page folds in dispersion + target armor).
Max HE alpha1400
Maximum HE damage per shell across secondary HE families. Best on this ship: 1400 from the 100 mm family.
Max HE fire chance6%
Maximum per-shell fire chance across secondary HE families (before target fire resistance is applied). Best on this ship: 6% from the 100 mm family.
Max HE pen17 mm
Maximum HE armor penetration across secondary HE families (caliber × 1/6 for most nations; 1/4 for German/UK BBs). Shells whose pen falls under a plate's armor thickness shatter for 0 hull damage though fire chance still applies. Best on this ship: 17 mm from the 100 mm family.
Damage Control Party
Main Battery Reload Booster
Sonar
Defensive AA Fire
Repair Party
Catapult Fighter
Engine Boost
