Main battery formulas
Shell Grouping (σ)2
Shell grouping (sigma); shown in-game as Shell Grouping.
Max Horiz Disp93.6 m
Horizontal dispersion ellipse width at max range. (R/30·(idealRadius−minRadius)/idealDistance + minRadius)·30 = (10485/30·(8−0.5)/1000 + 0.5)·30 = 93.6 m
Max Vert Disp56.2 m
Vertical dispersion ellipse height at max range = max horizontal × radiusOnMax = 93.6 × 0.6 = 56.2 m
Med Horiz Disp29.9 m
50%-hit horizontal radius = max horizontal × GetHalfHitsRatio(σ) = 93.6 × 0.319 (σ=2) = 29.9 m
Med Vert Disp18 m
50%-hit vertical radius = max vertical × GetHalfHitsRatio(σ) = 56.2 × 0.32 (σ=2) = 18 m
AP Pen Close270 mm
Canonical community AP formula (jcw780/wows_shell), evaluated at muzzle velocity: 1e-7 × Krupp × mass^0.69 × caliber_m^-1.07 × v0^1.38 = 1e-7 × 2200 × 45.5^0.69 × 0.15^-1.07 × 880^1.38 = 270 mm. Matches the in-game spec card.
AP Pen Far66.6 mm
Same formula at the ship's max firing range (13.1 km), where the shell has slowed to 319.2 m/s: 1e-7 × 2200 × 45.5^0.69 × 0.15^-1.07 × 319.2^1.38 = 66.6 mm.
HE penetration25 mm
25 mm ≈ 150 mm caliber / 6 (standard HE penetration ratio).
AP overmatch10 mm
floor(150 mm caliber / 14.3) = 10 mm (AP auto-penetrates plating this thick or less).
AP AOE Radius30
AP shell over-penetration splash radius; scales with shell mass. Wickes 102mm = 3, standard 152mm CL ~ 20, Iowa 406mm ~ 270, Yamato 460mm = 400, Incomparable 650mm = 550 (max). Larger value = bigger splash damage area when AP over-pens.
Broadside guns used for alpha3
All 3 barrels bear on the broadside.
Turret turn time18 s
180 degrees / 10 deg/s traverse speed = 18 s.
HE full-salvo alpha6,600
2,200 HE damage x 3 broadside guns = 6,600.
AP full-salvo alpha8,850
2,950 AP damage x 3 broadside guns = 8,850.
Base HE DPM99,000
6,600 HE full-salvo alpha x 60 / 4 s base reload = 99,000.
Base AP DPM132,750
8,850 AP full-salvo alpha x 60 / 4 s base reload = 132,750.
Installed HE DPM110,000
6,600 HE full-salvo alpha x 60 / 3.6 s installed reload (Main Battery Mod. 3 = -10%) = 110,000.
Installed AP DPM147,500
8,850 AP full-salvo alpha x 60 / 3.6 s installed reload (Main Battery Mod. 3 = -10%) = 147,500.
Base shells/min45
3 broadside guns x 60 / 4 s base reload = 45.
Installed shells/min50
3 broadside guns x 60 / 3.6 s installed Artillery reload = 50.
Base fires/min4.95
3 HE shells x 60 / 4 s reload x 11% fire chance = 4.95.
Installed fires/min5.5
3 HE shells x 60 / 3.6 s installed reload x 11% fire chance = 5.5.
Torpedoes
Torpedo detectability1.9 km
Estimated torpedo reaction time8.5 s
detectability / (speed kt x 2.6 community game-speed factor).
Torpedo speed86 kt
Travel time to max range53.7 s
range / (speed kt x 2.6 community game-speed factor).
Tube count12
4 launchers x 3 tubes.
Per-side salvo12 torpedoes
12 (centerline launchers train across - full salvo to either side).
Full-salvo damage81,996
tube count x per-torpedo simulated damage (all torpedoes hitting).
Per-side salvo damage81,996
per-side salvo x per-torpedo simulated damage.
AA defense
Close-range AA DPS31
Sum across every AA aura on this ship of (aura.continuous_damage x 3.5 x aura.hit_probability). Here: (6×3.5×1) + (3×3.5×0.95) = 31. Covers AA-only mounts plus dual-purpose secondaries (Bismarck 105mm, USN 5"/38 cruiser secondaries) and dual-purpose main batteries (Sumner-class 5"/38, Akizuki-line 100mm). Formula validated against in-game captures on California, Sumner, Manfred von Richthofen, Dante Alighieri (exact) and within +/-17% on the remaining verified ships.
Maximum AA range3 km
Longest-reaching aura across AA-only + dual-purpose auras.
AA threat index73
SUM over AA auras of (aura DPS x aura range km). A plane crossing the AA bubble is exposed to each aura for a time proportional to that aura's range, so long-reach DPS is worth more than the same DPS in a short bubble. Units: DPS*km; used to rank overall AA threat across the cohort.
Near aura range1 km
Damage Control Party
Engine Boost
Repair Party
Torpedo Reload Booster