Main battery formulas
Shell Grouping (σ)2
Shell grouping (sigma); shown in-game as Shell Grouping.
Max Horiz Disp86.2 m
Horizontal dispersion ellipse width at max range, from the verified WoWS dispersion model: $\sigma_H = \left(\dfrac{R}{30}\cdot\dfrac{\text{idealRadius}-\text{minRadius}}{\text{idealDistance}} + \text{minRadius}\right)\cdot 30$ $= \left(\dfrac{9495}{30}\cdot\dfrac{8-0.5}{1000} + 0.5\right)\cdot 30 = 86.2\,\text{m}$
Max Vert Disp51.7 m
Vertical dispersion ellipse height at max range: $\sigma_V = \sigma_H \cdot \text{radiusOnMax}$ $= 86.2 \cdot 0.6 = 51.7\,\text{m}$
Med Horiz Disp27.5 m
50%-hit horizontal radius: $\sigma_{H,50} = \sigma_H \cdot \text{GetHalfHitsRatio}(\sigma)$ $= 86.2 \cdot 0.319\;(\sigma = 2) = 27.5\,\text{m}$
Med Vert Disp16.5 m
50%-hit vertical radius: $\sigma_{V,50} = \sigma_V \cdot \text{GetHalfHitsRatio}(\sigma)$ $= 51.7 \cdot 0.319\;(\sigma = 2) = 16.5\,\text{m}$
AP Pen Close157.4 mm
Canonical community AP formula (jcw780/wows_shell), evaluated at muzzle velocity: $P = 10^{-7}\cdot K \cdot m^{0.69} \cdot d^{-1.07} \cdot v_0^{1.38}$ $= 10^{-7}\cdot 1640 \cdot 28^{0.69} \cdot 0.128^{-1.07} \cdot 830^{1.38} = 157.4\,\text{mm}$. Matches the in-game spec card.
AP Pen Far37.3 mm
Same formula at the ship's max firing range (11.9 km), where the shell has slowed to 292.3 m/s: $P = 10^{-7}\cdot 1640 \cdot 28^{0.69} \cdot 0.128^{-1.07} \cdot 292.3^{1.38} = 37.3\,\text{mm}$.
HE penetration21 mm
21 mm ≈ 128 mm caliber / 6 (standard HE penetration ratio).
AP overmatch8 mm
floor(128 mm caliber / 14.3) = 8 mm (AP auto-penetrates plating this thick or less).
AP AOE Radius9
AP shell over-penetration splash radius; scales with shell mass. Wickes 102mm = 3, standard 152mm CL ~ 20, Iowa 406mm ~ 270, Yamato 460mm = 400, Incomparable 650mm = 550 (max). Larger value = bigger splash damage area when AP over-pens.
Broadside guns used for alpha5
All 5 barrels bear on the broadside.
Turret turn time22.5 s
180 degrees / 8 deg/s traverse speed = 22.5 s.
HE full-salvo alpha7,500
1,500 HE damage x 5 broadside guns = 7,500.
AP full-salvo alpha15,000
3,000 AP damage x 5 broadside guns = 15,000.
Base HE DPM121,622
7,500 HE full-salvo alpha x 60 / 3.7 s base reload = 121,622.
Base AP DPM243,243
15,000 AP full-salvo alpha x 60 / 3.7 s base reload = 243,243.
Base shells/min81.1
5 broadside guns x 60 / 3.7 s base reload = 81.1.
Base fires/min4.86
5 HE shells x 60 / 3.7 s reload x 6% fire chance = 4.86.
Torpedoes
Torpedo detectability1.3 km
Estimated torpedo reaction time7.7 s
detectability / (speed kt x 2.6 community game-speed factor).
Torpedo speed65 kt
Travel time to max range47.4 s
range / (speed kt x 2.6 community game-speed factor).
Tube count8
2 launchers x 4 tubes.
Per-side salvo8 torpedoes
8 (centerline launchers train across - full salvo to either side).
Full-salvo damage101,600
All tubes hitting one target: tubes x per-torpedo simulated damage = 8 x 12,700 = 101,600.
Per-side salvo damage101,600
One side firing, all torpedoes hitting: per-side tubes x per-torpedo simulated damage = 8 x 12,700 = 101,600.
AA defense
Close-range AA DPS168
Sum across every AA aura on this ship of (aura.continuous_damage x 3.5 x aura.hit_probability). Here: (29×3.5×1) + (20×3.5×0.95) = 168. Covers AA-only mounts plus dual-purpose secondaries (Bismarck 105mm, USN 5"/38 cruiser secondaries) and dual-purpose main batteries (Sumner-class 5"/38, Akizuki-line 100mm). Formula validated against in-game captures on California, Sumner, Manfred von Richthofen, Dante Alighieri (exact) and within +/-17% on the remaining verified ships.
Maximum AA range3.5 km
Longest-reaching aura across AA-only + dual-purpose auras.
AA threat index488
SUM over AA auras of (aura DPS x aura range km). A plane crossing the AA bubble is exposed to each aura for a time proportional to that aura's range, so long-reach DPS is worth more than the same DPS in a short bubble. Units: DPS*km; used to rank overall AA threat across the cohort.
Near aura range2 km
Damage Control Party
Smoke Generator
Engine Boost
Sonar