Main battery formulas
Shell Grouping (σ)2
Shell grouping (sigma); shown in-game as Shell Grouping.
Max Horiz Disp86.2 m
Horizontal dispersion ellipse width at max range. (R/30·(idealRadius−minRadius)/idealDistance + minRadius)·30 = (9495/30·(8−0.5)/1000 + 0.5)·30 = 86.2 m
Max Vert Disp51.7 m
Vertical dispersion ellipse height at max range = max horizontal × radiusOnMax = 86.2 × 0.6 = 51.7 m
Med Horiz Disp27.5 m
50%-hit horizontal radius = max horizontal × GetHalfHitsRatio(σ) = 86.2 × 0.319 (σ=2) = 27.5 m
Med Vert Disp16.5 m
50%-hit vertical radius = max vertical × GetHalfHitsRatio(σ) = 51.7 × 0.319 (σ=2) = 16.5 m
Dispersion familyDD Disp.
Standard destroyer dispersion baseline.
AP Pen Close157.4 mm
Canonical community AP formula (jcw780/wows_shell), evaluated at muzzle velocity: 1e-7 × Krupp × mass^0.69 × caliber_m^-1.07 × v0^1.38 = 1e-7 × 1640 × 28^0.69 × 0.128^-1.07 × 830^1.38 = 157.4 mm. Matches the in-game spec card.
AP Pen Far34.5 mm
Same formula at the ship's max firing range (13.1 km), where the shell has slowed to 276.3 m/s: 1e-7 × 1640 × 28^0.69 × 0.128^-1.07 × 276.3^1.38 = 34.5 mm.
HE penetration21 mm
21 mm ≈ 128 mm caliber / 6 (standard HE penetration ratio).
AP overmatch8 mm
floor(128 mm caliber / 14.3) = 8 mm (AP auto-penetrates plating this thick or less).
AP AOE Radius9
AP shell over-penetration splash radius; scales with shell mass. Wickes 102mm = 3, standard 152mm CL ~ 20, Iowa 406mm ~ 270, Yamato 460mm = 400, Incomparable 650mm = 550 (max). Larger value = bigger splash damage area when AP over-pens.
Broadside guns used for alpha5
All 5 barrels bear on the broadside.
Turret turn time22.5 s
180 degrees / 8 deg/s traverse speed = 22.5 s.
HE full-salvo alpha7,500
1,500 HE damage x 5 broadside guns = 7,500.
AP full-salvo alpha15,000
3,000 AP damage x 5 broadside guns = 15,000.
Base HE DPM112,500
7,500 HE full-salvo alpha x 60 / 4 s base reload = 112,500.
Base AP DPM225,000
15,000 AP full-salvo alpha x 60 / 4 s base reload = 225,000.
Base shells/min75
5 broadside guns x 60 / 4 s base reload = 75.
Base fires/min4.5
5 HE shells x 60 / 4 s reload x 6% fire chance = 4.5.
Torpedoes
Torpedo detectability1.3 km
Estimated torpedo reaction time7.7 s
detectability / (speed kt x 2.6 community game-speed factor).
Torpedo speed65 kt
Travel time to max range50.2 s
range / (speed kt x 2.6 community game-speed factor).
Tube count8
2 launchers x 4 tubes.
Per-side salvo8 torpedoes
8 (centerline launchers train across - full salvo to either side).
Full-salvo damage107,200
tube count x per-torpedo simulated damage (all torpedoes hitting).
Per-side salvo damage107,200
per-side salvo x per-torpedo simulated damage.
AA defense
Close-range AA DPS168
Sum across every AA aura on this ship of (aura.continuous_damage x 3.5 x aura.hit_probability). Here: (29×3.5×1) + (20×3.5×0.95) = 168. Covers AA-only mounts plus dual-purpose secondaries (Bismarck 105mm, USN 5"/38 cruiser secondaries) and dual-purpose main batteries (Sumner-class 5"/38, Akizuki-line 100mm). Formula validated against in-game captures on California, Sumner, Manfred von Richthofen, Dante Alighieri (exact) and within +/-17% on the remaining verified ships.
Maximum AA range3.5 km
Longest-reaching aura across AA-only + dual-purpose auras.
AA threat index488
SUM over AA auras of (aura DPS x aura range km). A plane crossing the AA bubble is exposed to each aura for a time proportional to that aura's range, so long-reach DPS is worth more than the same DPS in a short bubble. Units: DPS*km; used to rank overall AA threat across the cohort.
Near aura range2 km
Damage Control Party
Smoke Generator
Engine Boost
Sonar