Main battery formulas
Shell Grouping (σ)2
Shell grouping (sigma); shown in-game as Shell Grouping.
Max Horiz Disp93.3 m
Horizontal dispersion ellipse width at max range, from the verified WoWS dispersion model: $\sigma_H = \left(\dfrac{R}{30}\cdot\dfrac{\text{idealRadius}-\text{minRadius}}{\text{idealDistance}} + \text{minRadius}\right)\cdot 30$ $= \left(\dfrac{10443}{30}\cdot\dfrac{8-0.5}{1000} + 0.5\right)\cdot 30 = 93.3\,\text{m}$
Max Vert Disp56 m
Vertical dispersion ellipse height at max range: $\sigma_V = \sigma_H \cdot \text{radiusOnMax}$ $= 93.3 \cdot 0.6 = 56\,\text{m}$
Med Horiz Disp29.8 m
50%-hit horizontal radius: $\sigma_{H,50} = \sigma_H \cdot \text{GetHalfHitsRatio}(\sigma)$ $= 93.3 \cdot 0.319\;(\sigma = 2) = 29.8\,\text{m}$
Med Vert Disp17.9 m
50%-hit vertical radius: $\sigma_{V,50} = \sigma_V \cdot \text{GetHalfHitsRatio}(\sigma)$ $= 56 \cdot 0.32\;(\sigma = 2) = 17.9\,\text{m}$
AP Pen Close220 mm
Canonical community AP formula (jcw780/wows_shell), evaluated at muzzle velocity: $P = 10^{-7}\cdot K \cdot m^{0.69} \cdot d^{-1.07} \cdot v_0^{1.38}$ $= 10^{-7}\cdot 1933 \cdot 45.3^{0.69} \cdot 0.15^{-1.07} \cdot 835^{1.38} = 220\,\text{mm}$. Matches the in-game spec card.
AP Pen Far65.6 mm
Same formula at the ship's max firing range (13.1 km), where the shell has slowed to 347.6 m/s: $P = 10^{-7}\cdot 1933 \cdot 45.3^{0.69} \cdot 0.15^{-1.07} \cdot 347.6^{1.38} = 65.6\,\text{mm}$.
HE penetration25 mm
25 mm ≈ 150 mm caliber / 6 (standard HE penetration ratio).
AP overmatch10 mm
floor(150 mm caliber / 14.3) = 10 mm (AP auto-penetrates plating this thick or less).
AP AOE Radius15
AP shell over-penetration splash radius; scales with shell mass. Wickes 102mm = 3, standard 152mm CL ~ 20, Iowa 406mm ~ 270, Yamato 460mm = 400, Incomparable 650mm = 550 (max). Larger value = bigger splash damage area when AP over-pens.
Broadside guns used for alpha4
All 4 barrels bear on the broadside.
Turret turn time22.5 s
180 degrees / 8 deg/s traverse speed = 22.5 s.
HE full-salvo alpha8,800
2,200 HE damage x 4 broadside guns = 8,800.
AP full-salvo alpha14,800
3,700 AP damage x 4 broadside guns = 14,800.
Base HE DPM70,400
8,800 HE full-salvo alpha x 60 / 7.5 s base reload = 70,400.
Base AP DPM118,400
14,800 AP full-salvo alpha x 60 / 7.5 s base reload = 118,400.
Base shells/min32
4 broadside guns x 60 / 7.5 s base reload = 32.
Base fires/min3.84
4 HE shells x 60 / 7.5 s reload x 12% fire chance = 3.84.
Torpedoes
Torpedo detectability1.3 km
Estimated torpedo reaction time7.7 s
detectability / (speed kt x 2.6 community game-speed factor).
Torpedo speed65 kt
Travel time to max range50.2 s
range / (speed kt x 2.6 community game-speed factor).
Tube count8
2 launchers x 4 tubes.
Per-side salvo8 torpedoes
8 (centerline launchers train across - full salvo to either side).
Full-salvo damage107,200
All tubes hitting one target: tubes x per-torpedo simulated damage = 8 x 13,400 = 107,200.
Per-side salvo damage107,200
One side firing, all torpedoes hitting: per-side tubes x per-torpedo simulated damage = 8 x 13,400 = 107,200.
AA defense
Close-range AA DPS193
Sum across every AA aura on this ship of (aura.continuous_damage x 3.5 x aura.hit_probability). Here: (40×3.5×1) + (16×3.5×0.95) = 193. Covers AA-only mounts plus dual-purpose secondaries (Bismarck 105mm, USN 5"/38 cruiser secondaries) and dual-purpose main batteries (Sumner-class 5"/38, Akizuki-line 100mm). Formula validated against in-game captures on California, Sumner, Manfred von Richthofen, Dante Alighieri (exact) and within +/-17% on the remaining verified ships.
Maximum AA range3.5 km
Longest-reaching aura across AA-only + dual-purpose auras.
AA threat index596
SUM over AA auras of (aura DPS x aura range km). A plane crossing the AA bubble is exposed to each aura for a time proportional to that aura's range, so long-reach DPS is worth more than the same DPS in a short bubble. Units: DPS*km; used to rank overall AA threat across the cohort.
Near aura range2 km
Damage Control Party
Smoke Generator
Engine Boost
Sonar