Main battery formulas
Shell Grouping (σ)1.7
Shell grouping (sigma); shown in-game as Shell Grouping.
Max Horiz Disp207.2 m
Horizontal dispersion ellipse width at max range. (R/30·(idealRadius−minRadius)/idealDistance + minRadius)·30 = (17112/30·(10−2.8)/1000 + 2.8)·30 = 207.2 m
Max Vert Disp165.8 m
Vertical dispersion ellipse height at max range = max horizontal × radiusOnMax = 207.2 × 0.8 = 165.8 m
Med Horiz Disp73.9 m
50%-hit horizontal radius = max horizontal × GetHalfHitsRatio(σ) = 207.2 × 0.357 (σ=1.7) = 73.9 m
Med Vert Disp59.1 m
50%-hit vertical radius = max vertical × GetHalfHitsRatio(σ) = 165.8 × 0.356 (σ=1.7) = 59.1 m
AP Pen Close773.4 mm
Canonical community AP formula (jcw780/wows_shell), evaluated at muzzle velocity: 1e-7 × Krupp × mass^0.69 × caliber_m^-1.07 × v0^1.38 = 1e-7 × 2440 × 1020^0.69 × 0.41^-1.07 × 806^1.38 = 773.4 mm. Matches the in-game spec card.
AP Pen Far377.6 mm
Same formula at the ship's max firing range (21.4 km), where the shell has slowed to 479.4 m/s: 1e-7 × 2440 × 1020^0.69 × 0.41^-1.07 × 479.4^1.38 = 377.6 mm.
HE penetration68 mm
68 mm ≈ 410 mm caliber / 6 (standard HE penetration ratio).
AP overmatch28 mm
floor(410 mm caliber / 14.3) = 28 mm (AP auto-penetrates plating this thick or less).
AP AOE Radius150
AP shell over-penetration splash radius; scales with shell mass. Wickes 102mm = 3, standard 152mm CL ~ 20, Iowa 406mm ~ 270, Yamato 460mm = 400, Incomparable 650mm = 550 (max). Larger value = bigger splash damage area when AP over-pens.
Broadside guns used for alpha10
All 10 barrels bear on the broadside.
Turret turn time45 s
180 degrees / 4 deg/s traverse speed = 45 s.
HE full-salvo alpha65,000
6,500 HE damage x 10 broadside guns = 65,000.
AP full-salvo alpha126,000
12,600 AP damage x 10 broadside guns = 126,000.
Base HE DPM125,806
65,000 HE full-salvo alpha x 60 / 31 s base reload = 125,806.
Base AP DPM243,871
126,000 AP full-salvo alpha x 60 / 31 s base reload = 243,871.
Installed HE DPM139,785
65,000 HE full-salvo alpha x 60 / 27.9 s installed reload (Main Battery Mod. 3 = -10%) = 139,785.
Installed AP DPM270,968
126,000 AP full-salvo alpha x 60 / 27.9 s installed reload (Main Battery Mod. 3 = -10%) = 270,968.
Base shells/min19.4
10 broadside guns x 60 / 31 s base reload = 19.4.
Installed shells/min21.5
10 broadside guns x 60 / 27.9 s installed Artillery reload = 21.5.
Base fires/min5.81
10 HE shells x 60 / 31 s reload x 30% fire chance = 5.81.
Installed fires/min6.45
10 HE shells x 60 / 27.9 s installed reload x 30% fire chance = 6.45.
Torpedoes
Torpedo detectability1.6 km
Estimated torpedo reaction time9.8 s
detectability / (speed kt x 2.6 community game-speed factor).
Torpedo speed63 kt
Travel time to max range48.8 s
range / (speed kt x 2.6 community game-speed factor).
Tube count6
2 launchers x 3 tubes.
Per-side salvo3 torpedoes
tube count / 2 (symmetric port/starboard launcher layout; common on cruisers and battleships with deck torpedoes).
Full-salvo damage80,400
tube count x per-torpedo simulated damage (all torpedoes hitting).
Per-side salvo damage40,200
per-side salvo x per-torpedo simulated damage.
AA defense
Close-range AA DPS491
Sum across every AA aura on this ship of (aura.continuous_damage x 3.5 x aura.hit_probability). Here: (49×3.5×0.75) + (83×3.5×0.75) + (55×3.5×0.75) = 491. Covers AA-only mounts plus dual-purpose secondaries (Bismarck 105mm, USN 5"/38 cruiser secondaries) and dual-purpose main batteries (Sumner-class 5"/38, Akizuki-line 100mm). Formula validated against in-game captures on California, Sumner, Manfred von Richthofen, Dante Alighieri (exact) and within +/-17% on the remaining verified ships.
Maximum AA range5 km
Longest-reaching aura across AA-only + dual-purpose auras.
AA threat index1883
SUM over AA auras of (aura DPS x aura range km). A plane crossing the AA bubble is exposed to each aura for a time proportional to that aura's range, so long-reach DPS is worth more than the same DPS in a short bubble. Units: DPS*km; used to rank overall AA threat across the cohort.
Secondary battery firepower
Secondary DPM (per side)300,000
Sum across all secondary families of (per-side barrels × 60 / reload_s × alpha), where per-side barrels = mounts × barrels-per-mount / 2 (the guns that bear on one broadside target). Per-family: 8×2 100 mm (8/side) × 60/4 × 1700 = 204,000 + 8×1 140 mm (4/side) × 60/6 × 2400 = 96,000. Assumes every shell hits (real hit rate is lower; the Brawl matchup tool on the Compare page folds in dispersion + target armor).
Max HE alpha2400
Maximum HE damage per shell across secondary HE families. Best on this ship: 2400 from the 140 mm family.
Max HE fire chance10%
Maximum per-shell fire chance across secondary HE families (before target fire resistance is applied). Best on this ship: 10% from the 140 mm family.
Max HE pen35 mm
Maximum HE armor penetration across secondary HE families (caliber × 1/6 for most nations; 1/4 for German/UK BBs). Shells whose pen falls under a plate's armor thickness shatter for 0 hull damage though fire chance still applies. Best on this ship: 35 mm from the 140 mm family.
Damage Control Party
Repair Party
Catapult Fighter
Observation Seaplane
Secondary Battery Booster