Main battery formulas
Shell Grouping (σ)2
Shell grouping (sigma); shown in-game as Shell Grouping.
Max Horiz Disp217 m
Horizontal dispersion ellipse width at max range, from the verified WoWS dispersion model: $\sigma_H = \left(\dfrac{R}{30}\cdot\dfrac{\text{idealRadius}-\text{minRadius}}{\text{idealDistance}} + \text{minRadius}\right)\cdot 30$ $= \left(\dfrac{15700}{30}\cdot\dfrac{12-2}{1000} + 2\right)\cdot 30 = 217\,\text{m}$
Max Vert Disp130.2 m
Vertical dispersion ellipse height at max range: $\sigma_V = \sigma_H \cdot \text{radiusOnMax}$ $= 217 \cdot 0.6 = 130.2\,\text{m}$
Med Horiz Disp69.3 m
50%-hit horizontal radius: $\sigma_{H,50} = \sigma_H \cdot \text{GetHalfHitsRatio}(\sigma)$ $= 217 \cdot 0.319\;(\sigma = 2) = 69.3\,\text{m}$
Med Vert Disp41.6 m
50%-hit vertical radius: $\sigma_{V,50} = \sigma_V \cdot \text{GetHalfHitsRatio}(\sigma)$ $= 130.2 \cdot 0.32\;(\sigma = 2) = 41.6\,\text{m}$
Dispersion familyUS/UK BB Disp.
2.5% overall improvement compared to EU BB Disp.
AP Pen Close778.8 mm
Canonical community AP formula (jcw780/wows_shell), evaluated at muzzle velocity: $P = 10^{-7}\cdot K \cdot m^{0.69} \cdot d^{-1.07} \cdot v_0^{1.38}$ $= 10^{-7}\cdot 2598 \cdot 1225^{0.69} \cdot 0.406^{-1.07} \cdot 701^{1.38} = 778.8\,\text{mm}$. Matches the in-game spec card.
AP Pen Far444.5 mm
Same formula at the ship's max firing range (21.6 km), where the shell has slowed to 466.9 m/s: $P = 10^{-7}\cdot 2598 \cdot 1225^{0.69} \cdot 0.406^{-1.07} \cdot 466.9^{1.38} = 444.5\,\text{mm}$.
HE penetration68 mm
68 mm ≈ 406 mm caliber / 6 (standard HE penetration ratio).
AP overmatch28 mm
floor(406 mm caliber / 14.3) = 28 mm (AP auto-penetrates plating this thick or less).
AP AOE Radius150
AP shell over-penetration splash radius; scales with shell mass. Wickes 102mm = 3, standard 152mm CL ~ 20, Iowa 406mm ~ 270, Yamato 460mm = 400, Incomparable 650mm = 550 (max). Larger value = bigger splash damage area when AP over-pens.
Broadside guns used for alpha6
All 6 barrels bear on the broadside.
Turret turn time45 s
180 degrees / 4 deg/s traverse speed = 45 s.
HE full-salvo alpha34,200
5,700 HE damage x 6 broadside guns = 34,200.
AP full-salvo alpha78,600
13,100 AP damage x 6 broadside guns = 78,600.
Base HE DPM68,400
34,200 HE full-salvo alpha x 60 / 30 s base reload = 68,400.
Base AP DPM157,200
78,600 AP full-salvo alpha x 60 / 30 s base reload = 157,200.
Installed HE DPM76,000
34,200 HE full-salvo alpha x 60 / 27 s installed reload (Main Battery Mod. 3 = -10%) = 76,000.
Installed AP DPM174,667
78,600 AP full-salvo alpha x 60 / 27 s installed reload (Main Battery Mod. 3 = -10%) = 174,667.
Base shells/min12
6 broadside guns x 60 / 30 s base reload = 12.
Installed shells/min13.3
6 broadside guns x 60 / 27 s installed Artillery reload = 13.3.
Base fires/min4.32
6 HE shells x 60 / 30 s reload x 36% fire chance = 4.32.
Installed fires/min4.8
6 HE shells x 60 / 27 s installed reload x 36% fire chance = 4.8.
AA defense
Close-range AA DPS638
Sum across every AA aura on this ship of (aura.continuous_damage x 3.5 x aura.hit_probability). Here: (68×3.5×0.75) + (132×3.5×0.7) + (52×3.5×0.75) = 638. Covers AA-only mounts plus dual-purpose secondaries (Bismarck 105mm, USN 5"/38 cruiser secondaries) and dual-purpose main batteries (Sumner-class 5"/38, Akizuki-line 100mm). Formula validated against in-game captures on California, Sumner, Manfred von Richthofen, Dante Alighieri (exact) and within +/-17% on the remaining verified ships.
Maximum AA range5 km
Longest-reaching aura across AA-only + dual-purpose auras.
AA threat index1954
SUM over AA auras of (aura DPS x aura range km). A plane crossing the AA bubble is exposed to each aura for a time proportional to that aura's range, so long-reach DPS is worth more than the same DPS in a short bubble. Units: DPS*km; used to rank overall AA threat across the cohort.
Near aura range2 km
Secondary battery firepower
Secondary DPM (per side)180,000
Sum across all secondary families of (per-side barrels × 60 / reload_s × alpha), where per-side barrels = mounts × barrels-per-mount / 2 (the guns that bear on one broadside target). Per-family: 10×2 127 mm (10/side) × 60/6 × 1800 = 180,000. Assumes every shell hits (real hit rate is lower; the Brawl matchup tool on the Compare page folds in dispersion + target armor).
Max HE alpha1800
Maximum HE damage per shell across secondary HE families. Best on this ship: 1800 from the 127 mm family.
Max HE fire chance5%
Maximum per-shell fire chance across secondary HE families (before target fire resistance is applied). Best on this ship: 5% from the 127 mm family.
Max HE pen21 mm
Maximum HE armor penetration across secondary HE families (caliber × 1/6 for most nations; 1/4 for German/UK BBs). Shells whose pen falls under a plate's armor thickness shatter for 0 hull damage though fire chance still applies. Best on this ship: 21 mm from the 127 mm family.
Damage Control Party
Repair Party
Catapult Fighter
Observation Seaplane
